The product development process Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The product development movement - Article ExampleSuch demands go in details from quality, affordability, reliability, durability and likeability amongst others. The product development cognitive operation is such that it is inclusive of all the possible features a potential customer in any burst of the world may desire. This paper shall analyze how to develop a product at the apple Inc. The elect product is phone line for various models of iPhone. Product development process is a critical field of learn in manufacturing that determines the extent to which a firm may be competitive in its target market. apples products go through the normal development process that many businesses also go through. earlier the company launches a product, the product passes through pre-development, development, and post-development. At the predevelopment stages, the company has to go through strategic development, market analysis and business plan. To begin with, strategic planning revolves aro und product project plan. For instance, Apples strategic product planning takes into consideration what other competitors are offering. It compares its features against those of other manufacturers in a conjure to come up with a new product that meets the market demand.Taking a case study of iPhone 6, it is observable that the pre-development stage maintained just about features of the previous version as it improved on some features. All that reflects customers desire. For instance, the desire for a slimmer device has not changed. Internal memory is another issue that Apple considers. One of the most important features that Apple considerers is the IOS used in the device. The choice of the IOS enables the product to support features that mete out it a competitive advantage over its competitors. Whereas it is a common practice for companies to design their new products to conform to the budgetary allocations in the manufacturing and the financial departments, Apples

Students to demonstrate an understanding of public relations in travel Essay

Students to demonstrate an understanding of earthly concern relations in excursion and tourism - test ExampleIn order to attract holidaymakers in the highly competitive market, the prudence uses selling and management tools that should be taken into consideration (Mill and Morrisson, 2002). The most important marketing tool is Public Relations (PR) as it plays a key role in advertising the locations, activities and identities. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the role and impressiveness of PR in the tourism and travel industry.PR in travel and tourism has a precise important role to play as it is used in strategic marketing activities and is integrated with marketing communications. The tourism industry is divided into many sectors including travel, tourist destinations, establishments, hotels lodgings and restaurants. The different sectors have their specific audience, public relation tools and convey different messages. The important role of PR is to create favourabl e perceptions about the tourist destination because success of the industry relies on the different sectors as explained by Deuschl (2006). The sectors need effective PR to gain popularity among the tourists. The PR department creates a positive impression in all the sectors in the travel and tourism industry.The role of PR involves attracting customers and keeping them entertained after they arrive at the destination to their epoch of departure. The primary purpose of PR is to effectively support other(a) marketing and sales activities attempting to build a positive image of a company, its services and products (Deuschl, 2006). PR help the organization to save money by enhancing relations with the public that constrain or enhance the ability of the entity to meet its obligations. PR is different from other marketing tools, most importantly advertising since it creates the launch of a brand and it has greater credibility. PR promotes alter understanding between the operators and customers. There has been increased competition in the tourism sector among the operators to create

Genetically Modified animal-to-human xenograft Term Paper

Genetically Modified animal-to-human xenograft - Term root word ExampleThe present article discusses the perception about xeno transplant as an opening for a conk out future and the fact that for former(a)s, it signifies a move towards one more AIDS-like epidemic. The article discusses research, debate and also the decisions in this area of science.Xenotransplantation, as the name suggests, is a kind of transplantation that is doed between two different species it encompasses transplantation of living cells, tissues or organs, usually as transplantation from non-human animal species into humans. This could be from mouse to humans or from pig to humans. The transformed tissue or organs are known as xenografts/ xenoplants. On the other hand, if the transplantation is performed between two similar species, then the process can be referred as allotransplantation.With the increase population, there is an increase in demand for health care and facilities that performs these procedures. It is not currently possible to perform allotransplantations. Moreover, a great number of patients in anticipation of getting organ replacement die on before they get the alternative organ or tissue. There is an augmented demand for allotransplants of heart, kidney and liver, and the most operable method sought to fulfill the enhanced demand is xenografts. This is of critical interest to those whose ailing lives are on the verge of death and who are still waiting for any donated organ or tissue.A espouse was performed to take an assessment from patients regarding their understanding of types and techniques of transplant. The results display that around 75% of respondents knew about xenografting of these 50% were ready to read a xenograft for self and 43% for relative 10% found a xenograft to be intolerable. On the other hand 40% were uncertain and wanted to know about the technology (Arundeii,, 1996). unaccompanied 27%

Banking and ICT's Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Banking and ICTs - Essay ExampleDigital engineering science has greatly reduced the costs of compiling, processing, and distributing information. Information and communications engine room (ICT) invigorates marts by enhancing the flow of information, not in creating certainty, but making information more symmetric. The rise of the Internet, for example, has increased transparency, improving the ability of all market participants to determine the available range of prices for financial instruments and financial services (Clemons and Hitt, 2000, 4). Indeed, information-driven disintermediation is not limited to the financial empyrean The flow of information turns client relationships into markets. This phenomenon is cropping up in fields as diverse as lead agencies, real estate and the auctioning of flowers in Amsterdam (Anon., 1998).The brand-new markets that hand information to consumers also tend to press out down prices. This is a dangerous prospect for branded goods like ban king products and services, which behave increasingly like commodities. Moreover, technology has continually lowered the transaction costs of direct financing, facilitating the emergence of new electronic markets, payments and settlement networks, and new market-based risk and wealth management systems. Disintermediation is accompanied by securitization. Large firms increasingly raise finance like a shot from the financial markets. Companies with secure cash flows create securities from (or securitize) these assets, the value of which is determined by the volume and reliability of the cash flows (Holland et al., 1998, 222). The securities are then sold publicly or privately to institutional investors. Securitization of assets disintermediates banks from their traditional role of lenders to the integrated sector. Financial deregulation and information technology have both contributed to the growing dominance of capital markets by facilitating access for new issuers and investors. F orces For Change Powerful forces for change are forging the future shape of the banking industry. These imply demographic, technological, and regulatory factors. Undergirding these developments is the continuing closer integration of national economies and financial systems through the process known as Globalisation. Changing Customer Needs and Preferences Populations are aging rapidly, at least in the developed westerly democracies. The prospect of rising aged-dependency ratios is focusing governments and individuals on alternative means of funding retirement incomes. Pay-as-you-go pension schemes, to a lower place which the younger (working) generation funds the retirement incomes of the older (retired) generation, are not viable when the aged-dependency ratio rises beyond certain limits. Governments are responding by inducing individuals to make greater provision for their own incomes in retirement, limiting the availability of publicly funded pensions to the genuinely indigen t.

Corporate Finance System of Vodafone Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5250 words

Corporate Finance System of Vodafone - act ExampleFigure 10Dividend payment of Vodafone as a percentage of net clear/ mischief (Source Money.CNN.com)Figure 11Dividend payment of AT&T as a percentage of net profit/ prejudice (Source Money.CNN.com)Figure 12Dividend payment of Verizon & BT as a percentage of net profit/loss (Source Money.CNN.com)Figure 13 tote up Current Assets of Vodafone (Source CNN Money)Figure 14Total Current Liabilities of Vodafone (Source CNN Money)Figure 15Current Ratio of VodafoneFigure 16Cash Ratio of VodafoneFigure 17Total Assets and Total Liabilities of Vodafone (Source CNN Money)Figure 18Vodafones withdrawal from committed facilities in 2004, 2005 and 2006 (Source Vodafone Annual Report 2008. pp57)1.0 Executive SummaryThis shroud is a comprehensive abbreviation of the corporate finance system of Vodafone. The analytics presented here is based on the publish information by Vodafone on their corporate website and independent market information or so the organisation from world(prenominal) financial compend organisations. Overall, Vodafone is a large group with multiple legal entities. However, the CEOs of all the legal entities embrace to the group Chief Executive Officer (CEO) and the Chief Financial Officer (CFO) manages consolidated finance for the group. The analysis presented herewith is pertaining to the consolidated finance of entire group and not of their individual legal entities.The entire analysis is divided into five chapters. The first chapter deals with the background information about the company whereby their corporate objectives, details about finance division, sources of finance, stockholder analysis, and corporate governance sire been presented in brief.In the second chapter, the systematic and unsystematic risks associated with Vodafone and... The first chapter deals with the background information about the company whereby their corporate objectives, details about finance division, sources of finance, sharg onholder analysis, and corporate governance have been presented in brief.In the second chapter, the systematic and unsystematic risks associated with Vodafone and the global telecommunications pains as whole. The risk reports have been taken from Ernst and Youngs assessment of global telecommunications industry risks, Deloittes report on Vodafones risks (published on the website of Vodafone) and the 2008 annual report of Vodafone.In the third chapter, the jacket crown Structure of Vodafone and have compared the same with old theories that have been accepted by accounting community largely. The Debt to Equity ratio of Vodafone is compared with similar companies in the telecommunications industry and the results are analyzed. The last part of this chapter deals with application of dividend payment theories in these companies.In the fourth chapter, the empirical theories of Working Capital management of firms and the usage of Money Markets has been presented with the help of literatu re review. Thereafter, the working capital management of Vodafone and their usage of property market instruments have been analyzed.

English Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

English - Essay ExampleThe very next day, the electric razor mysteriously died (as cited in Clugston, 2010, pp. 44-50). This paper will use historical approach in criticizing and analyzing the theme of the story. hoidenish Lovers is a very engaging story because of the intensity and the scandalous nature of the topic. Because of the heightened sense of racial disfavor during the early 1900s, a forbidden romancean interracial romance is considered neighborly taboo. And to even consider committal to writing a literature that centres on this topic is truly fascinating and attention-grabbing to any readers, especially to those who are conscious of American History and the heightened racial tension between the African Americans and the Caucasians in the South. This is very unpopular and repellant a topic for some but a social reality nonetheless and the social blur attached to mulattos is but a verifiable proof that though this is a work of fiction, it is grounded on social realit y. Another aspect that adds merit to the story is the credibility of the author. Nadine Gordimer was born 1923 in South Africa and have substantive conviction on exposing the injustices that the majority of the black people are sufferingher people. These social injustices are the commutation themes of her writing and have since made impacts in improving racial relationships among countries (Clugston, 2010, p. 44).

DIAGEO Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

DIAGEO - Essay Example8,090. The run profit of the company was ?2,443 million during FY2009, an annex of 3.1% over FY2008. The net profit was ?1,621 million in FY2009, an increase of 2.1% over FY2008 (Diageo - Annual Report, 2009). Diageo was created in 1997 as a result of the merger of Guinness and GrandMet (Diageo - Our History, 2011). Diageo rapidly expanded in next few years through both organic and acquisition channels. In 2001, Diageo in addition acquired the hard liquor and wine business of Seagram. In 2004, the company acquired Ursus Vodka. In 2005, Chalone Wine Group was acquired. Later, the company withal acquired Bushmills Irish whiskey which included Bushmills Distillery, which is amongst the oldest licensed distillery in the world. In 2006, the company made its archetypal acquisition in China. The company bought a 43% stake in Sichuan Chengdu Quanxing, parent of Swellfun (Diageo - Our History, 2011). In January 2007, Diageo Asia peace-loving was created to target a bare-assed geographic location. January 2007 marked the trial of new Guinness Red brand in 142 pubs in Great Britain. In February 2007, Diageo invested ?100million in expansion of its Scotch whisky operations in Scotland, in order to meet its future demand. In April 2007, as a part of brand extension, the company launched Johnnie walker Blue Label and King George V Edition in duty free channels of Europe, the Americas & the mall East. As a part of its global innovation strategy, the company made minor investment in Nuvo (brand), a new ultra-premium effervescent blend of fine French vodka, French sparkling wine, and exotic result nectar created by LLC (Diageo - Our History, 2011). In May 2007, the North American division of the company launched Smirnoff Source, a new premium malt beverage that combines pure spring water with alcohol. In Oct 2007, Diageo announced strategic league between Sean Diddy Combs and Ciroc vodka. Under the terms of the deal, Combs and Sean Combs Enterp rises took the lead on all brand management decisions for Ciroc, while share in the future profits of the growth of the brand. In November 2007, Diageo invested ?5 million in J&B brands package redesign to give it a more contemporary look. The new pack highlighted the brands role as the ultimate party whisky with a design to party goers (Diageo - Our History, 2011). Diageo acquired Rosenblum Cellars in early 2008. In February 2008, Diageo and the Nolet Family create a 50/50 company which owns the perpetual exclusive rights to sell market and distribute Ketel champion Vodka (Diageo - Our History, 2011). In March 2008, Diageo, Heineken and Namibia Breweries reached agreement to form a new joint venture for their combined beer, cyder and ready-to-drink (RTD) businesses in South Africa. In May 2008, Diageo reached an agreement to buy all the Constellation Brands distillery and bottling knack at Valleyfield, Quebec, Canada. In the same month, Diageo made a capital investment of E650 million in a new brewing centre in Ireland to support the growth and development of its global beer business (Diageo - Our History, 2011). Diageo also underwent a brief period of divestment, like that in 2003, which resulted into the selling of its Czech division, Diageo Ceska Republika, to Global Spirits. It also conclude down its marketing subsidiary Nightfly (Diageo - Our History, 2011). SWOT ANALYSIS OF DIAGEO Strengths Weakness Wide range of Products Continuously Declining margins grocery Leader Opportunities Threats Ever growing presence in Asia-Pacific region Litigations

Handwashing techniques Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Handwashing techniques - Essay Examplecoli and samples taken of the bacteria count on their fingers. Both turn over were involved in the experiment. Next, half the participants (three in number) were asked to disinfect their hands using scarcely soap and pissing while the other half were asked to do so with the NHS standard hand-wash alcohol and chlorhexidine in 110 dilution. Samples were taken of the fingers after disinfecting. Samples were sustained for 24 hours after which the bacteria counts were taken. It was found that for all participants, some(prenominal) for normal and NHS standard handwash, thither was reduction in the bacteria counts post-disinfect over pre-disinfect but the normal handwash only soap and water porved more efficacious than the NHS standard one. It is construed that since there is no established belles-lettres on the matter there is need to further investigate if the NHS recommended handwashing technique is superior to normal ones. As this report sh ows, it does seem like the normal handwashing techniques proves superior to the NHS standard.This paper investigates the efficiencies of normal handwashing techniques against that recommended by the National health Service (NHS) UK. It should be known that handwashing is a very essential part of not only the healthcare profession but also all other professionals that somehow deal with toxic and virulent substances and organisms whenever there is possibility of such malignant materials coming into contact with the hands. Since it is the hands that humans primarily use to draw with outside materials it is these appendages that have to be thoroughly cleansed to negate the possibility of the toxicity or virulence organism transmitted to other human individuals who may later come into contact with the concerned individual. This is not only for the safety of the human community within which the individual coming into initial contact with such toxicity or virulence but also of the

Innovation and Change Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Innovation and Change - Essay ExampleIt is therefore very chief(prenominal) that knowledge on these important areas is effectively imparted on the people working for organizations and beyond. As such, this module has been a great extension of very relevant knowledge and information on some of the contemporary issues that characterize excogitation practices cross ways the world. As squareized in the readings, the essence of fundament is basically to provide efficient means and ways through which operations in the organization can be bettered. In the same way, intent is usually geared towards increasing the productivity of the organization through improved production methods and efficiency. It was learnt that a very important scene in the innovation process involves sourcing for the innovative ideas. In this regard, organizations are encouraged to develop a culture of innovation within the organization through inculcating the imperatives of innovation on the minds of the emplo yees (Cooper & Edgett, 2010). Indeed, employees are the greatest assets whatsoever organization can effectively use to improve its innovation processes. It was realized that some of the greatest organizations exchangeable FedEx and Apple have supremacyfully managed to become market leaders in their respective areas of operation courtesy of innovation. These organizations realized the importance of innovation from an early age and thereby developed very elaborate innovation infrastructure within them. As such, a culture of innovation is very essential in creating the affirmatory change that is much important in the present competitive business environment. However, in addressing the sources of innovation in the organization, it becomes important to realize that some of the assumptions in the module might not always reflect the real picture on the ground. Creating an innovative culture within a particular organization is not truly an easy undertaking. In order to create a cultur e of innovation within an organization, a mess hall of time is actually needed coupled with sufficient financial resources to invest in the innovation process. In any case, the realization of these needs is commonly high for most organizations. It therefore implies that smaller organizations might honor it much difficult to compete against much bigger organizations which can effectively funds their innovation processes. Without doubt, the success of any innovation process depends upon the proper implementation of the innovation strategy for the organization. The module also highlighted the opinion of open innovation and how it can benefit organizations aspiring to benefit from innovation processes. Open innovation is normally the practice whereby organizations are encouraged to go beyond their borders and seek ideas for innovation from other organizations. Indeed, the imperatives of open innovation cannot be overemphasized. The process is very critical as a great source of ideas for organizations operating in very competitive environments. Knowledge never exists in isolation. The growth of innovative knowledge therefore depends upon that overlap and developing of other innovative ideas from outside the organization. However, despite the seemingly important role of open innovation as captured in the module, it is realized that some organizations have always failed in their innovation processes through the aspect of open innovatio

Why did a world capitalist civilization emerge when it did Essay

Why did a populace capitalist civilization emerge when it did - Essay Example165) One word often used in connection with world capitalism in the twenty first century is globalization (Amin, 1997) Other ideologies ex counterchange satisfactory socialism or feudalism do exist in beas of the contemporary world but they gamble themselves surrounded by a network of other nations, states and large commercial organizations which largely dictates how resources are transferred from steer to place, and ultimately steers the growth, decline or stability of large areas of the planet. There are local differences, of course, since each outlandish develops out of one of a number of previous older and separate civilizations, but there is a sense in which they also join a coherent, single world-wide capitalist shade. Wallerstein describes this as capitalist refinement as universalism through particularism and particularism through universalism (Wallerstein, 1984, p. 167). He sees its main cha racteristic as a continuous search for more and more profit to drive more and more growth. This paper traces the origins of modern capitalism civilisation game to its origins in the past. The question to be answered is when and where it originally emerged. One needs only to think of the meager existence of small, isolated and largely rural societies in the Middle Ages to realise what a significant change global capitalism has brought to the world Matters would change dramatically, however, with the violent remaking of the globe that commenced c. 1500 as the Spanish, Dutch, English, and French began seek their fortunes far beyond their own national domains. (Bryant 2006, p. 407). The discovery of new lands full of untapped resources pitch collide with a chain reaction that led some two hundred and fifty years afterwards to the industrial revolution. It is clear that capitalist civilisation must flummox begun after medieval times. Looking back through history it is generally a greed that origins of capitalism as a world civilisation are to be sought in Western Europe in the period around the middledle of the 18th century that has come to be called The Enlightenment. Other parts of the world, notably the Ottoman Empire, Persia and Japan were victorious steps in the same direction, and some historians such as Pomeranz (2000) and Goody (2004) have argued that there were agree moves in the direction of capitalism going on in non-European regions. The fact remains, however, that the scale and speed of European industrial expansion and commercial activity dwarfs anything that historians have been able to prove elsewhere. Vast quantities of goods were shipped to and from the colonies that Western Powers set up, specifically for the purpose of supplying industrial needs back home. Even more significant than that was the issue of the stimulus that occurred with the Enlightenments focus on science and technology And as economic historians have extensively docu mented, it was not the comparative cheapness of colonial resources that provided Europeans with their decisive advantage, but the astounding productivity gains that came with mechanisation and the factory organization of labour. (Bryant 2006, p. 434) An important first step was the invention of labour saving devices which increased nutrient production in the small farms and fields. This in turn released labour to work in newly constructed factories who bear upon raw materials for local or European markets. By the middle of the eighteenth century the economies of scale that emerged were able to produce surpluses which were then reinvested to drive forward ever greater productivity. This cycle of development contains the germ of a capitalist culture and so we can conclude that the first stirrings of capitalist civilisation emerged in the mid eighteenth century

Trends in porting existing PC applications to the mobile environment Research Paper

Trends in porting exist PC performances to the mobile environment - Research Paper ExampleThis makes porting existing PC applications to the mobile environment an uphill task for the developers (Damianos Gavalas and Daphne Economou)Interoperability is by far the largest impediment in application development. There are so many devices that run on totally unalike operational systems, having distinguishable screen sizes among other local requirements of the markets. Mobile app developers are therefore faced with a unique argufy of making apps that will work flawlessly across the different platforms. That is why porting of applications is probably the most substantial concern for app developers today.When porting of applications, there are three important considerations to make. The first is the device type. You have to consider that the app will be running on smart phones, brew devices, or J2ME devices. The second consideration to make is the operating systems used. Quite a numbe r of mobile apps usually need some native functions of a proper(postnominal) operating system. This makes it almost impossible for developers to write code only once and reuse it across the different platforms. Thirdly, you need to consider the device features. Different mobile devices have different features like screen size, keyboard types, and subjective memory. A good app must put the variations into perspective (Damianos Gavalas and Daphne

Write a paper on the concept of nature as it appears in an artwork of Term

Write a on the concept of nature as it appears in an artwork of Henri Rousseau - Term Paper ExampleThe works of Rousseau were ofttimes criticized. Throughout his works it is impossible not to recognize the hand of the master. Let us focus on his painting The Hungry Lion Throws itself on the Antelope (1905). We can see wilderness of the nature and cruelty of lion. His visual modality of the wild nature is rather intriguing. It looks like events developing on the background of nature are agree with the picturesque background. In this painting it seems like trees are leaning to antelope and want to preserve it from external harm.In another painting The Dream (1910) the artisan depicts a naked woman on the background of the jungles. It is enkindle to see that both paintings considered, represent nature as something huge and great, which prevails over human and animalsIn much(prenominal) a way, the artist conceptualized nature as something sacred. Nature for him was an integrative pa rt of human lives and the lives of animals. Pablo Picasso felt a great respect to inventive heritage of Henri Rousseau (Caldwell, 2002). He was sure that this young man was able to shock absorber the audience. He only needed a careful and attentive attitude for his paintings.Many critics claimed that Henri Rousseau had a trace desire to imitate nature but whose bureaucratic pursuit of detail barred the way to an boilers suitimpression (Symbolism in France). His paintings were accused of absurd, but maybe those critics just did not want to see the hearty intention of the painter?.. Rousseau depicted a human being as an object, which could be easily change and weird shapes and sizes of people reflected by the author are interesting and impressive.He was a unique artist and he managed to transfer the uniqueness of nature in his paintings. There is no doubt that in his creative mind Rousseau had many interesting ideas. Critics told that Rousseau was an unconscious artist. Another i mpressive painting is To fete flubThis painting has often been considered as an

The Specific Heat Capacity of Water and Metal Lab Report

The Specific Heat Capacity of Water and Metal - Lab overcompensate ExampleThe temperature of 500 ml of wet in a beaker was measured before a partial(p) bullet train connected to power supply was dipped in the beaker. After 10 minutes of heating and constant stirring of pissing, the power supply was switched off, and water temperature measured. The same procedure was repeated for a layover of 15 minutes. The results were recorded in table 1.The temperature of aluminium block was recorded before a heater connected to a power supply was used to heat the block for a period of 8 minutes. The above procedure was repeated using Copper block and the results were recorded in table 2.The experimental specific heat message of water was 4785 JKg-1 oC-1 while the literature value was 4187 JKg-1 oC-1. Therefore, the percentage error for water was calculated using the formula % Error= Experimental value-Theoretical value 100The specific heat capacity of water determined in this experiment had a numerical value of 4785 263 JKg-1 oC-1 while that of aluminium and shit were 1278 and 545 JKg-1 oC-1, respectively. The standard (literature) specific heat capacities of water, aluminium and copper are 4187, 900 and 386 JKg-1 oC-1, respectively (Table of specific heats). The obtained values were much than the literature values. The anomalies observed between these values were probably due to random errors in the experimental procedures e.g. the freeing of heat to the surrounding and the presence of impurities in the water hence leading to an increase in the stewing points. Systematic errors could be due to the weights of the metal blocks and temperature readings as well as fluctuations in pressure. In future tense experiments, loss of energy to the surroundings could be avoided by using more energy to heat the water for it to attain the required temperature. In addition, water with higher levels of purity can be used in the experiments so that the effect of impurities on

FEDERAL CONTRACTING ISSUES Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

FEDERAL CONTRACTING ISSUES - Term Paper exampleCCR is the official free on-line registrant database for the US Federal Government that collects, validates, stores and disseminates data in support of theatrical acquisition agency acquisition and award missions (BPN, 2011). After training and being registered, one can toss off soliciting for opportunities to do business with the federal government. In some instances, businesses offering similar products or run police squad up to solicit the federal contract opportunities. The law requires the large prime contractors to come up with opportunities of subcontracting with miniscule business ventures.For this assignment, our company, Global IT & Office Solutions Ltd that specializes in computer solutions and office machine repair and maintenance services would like to offer these type services to the government agencies. This type of business falls under crime syndicate NAICS 811212 (SIC 7978, FSC/ PSC code 74) which comprises of est ablishments primarily engaged in repairing and maintaining computers and office machines without retailing new computers and office machines (NAICS, 2011). To register the pastime entropy was provided Data Universal Numbering System (DUNS) Number provided by Dun and Bradstreet Tax credit Number (TIN) and Tax Payer name used in federal tax matters statistical information about the business and Electronic Funds Transfer (EFT) information for payment of invoices (BPN, 2011).Global IT & Office Solutions Ltd is establish in Erie, PA and was founded in 1997 to offer computer and office equipments repair and maintenance services to our prise customers who range from individuals, institutions, government agencies and multinational corporations. We service all models and makes of computers and office equipments. Our strength is based on retentivity up-to-date with technological advancements highly trained, experienced and

Pursuing Criminal Justice Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Pursuing Criminal Justice Paper - Essay exampleIn order to en trustworthy that the innocent person is protected against harm, the federal government has established various departments and structures to facilitate these duties, namely the courts of rightness, correctional facilities and other agencies, which are very independent. In the United States, it is very serious to recognize the existence of a criminal justice agency. In every 50 states, this totals to 51 criminal agencies in the United States (William, 2011). Indeed, one cannot deny that justice is synonymous to law enforcement. Therefore, the law enforcing agencies are tasked to do by both(prenominal) the separates encountered and perpetrators with utmost unfairness. This touches on the morality of the law enforcing agencies and their ability to enforce laws of the land while at the same time they maintain a moral and honor open move. It is justice that encompasses upholding of right and respect of individual freed om by the law enforcers. The origin of the criminal justice, particularly in the United States dates back to 1967 when the presidents bearing mandated with the powers of law enforcement and administration of justice came up with a report called The Challenge of Crime in a Free Society. The report was seen by many as a ground-breaking since it offerd more than 200 proposals in an climax towards fighting and prevention of crime (The guinea pig Commission on Terrorist Attack, 2011). This commission created a structural glide slope on criminal justice and among its recommendations was a methodology that would ensure coordination among the legal court dodgings, correctional agencies and law enforcement improve. It is this commission that tried to define criminal justice as the enforcing standard of conduct that could be noteworthy to protecting communities and individuals from committing crimes. Moreover, the discipline of criminal justice dates back to 1920 with August Vollmer, t he Berkley police chief, an established criminal justice department at the University of California. It was O.W. Wilson, a student of August Vollmer, who started and researched on the meaning of the criminal justice (The National Commission on Terrorist Attack, 2011). Throughout the evolution process of the criminal justice, its scope has included the additions or removals of definite forms of punishments. Precisely, policing has led to change in customs and rights of offenders that are considered among other transformations in the criminal justice system (Ritter, 2006). Essentially, it is of the best interest to promote justice in the society, having the knowledge of how many people have suffered as a result of the injustice. It is important to uphold the moral values of the professional law enforcement agencies, which demands that one frame partisan at all times and have the utmost sobriety when carrying out justice. This means that both the victims and the offenders have the ri ght to fair treatment. Therefore, it is the responsibility of every stakeholder in the judicial system to make sure that proper legal procedures are set in place (Ritter, 2006). One can be able to achieve promotion of justice as a law enforcing agent, through the protection of the freedom of speech, approving action, gay rights, and gender rights, build anti-poverty and economic opportunities that would help the poor. In addition, ending the mandatory arbitration to provide legal

Expatriate Selection, Training and Support Essay

Expatriate Selection, Training and Support - Essay ExampleGlobal HRM specialists assert that it is important for MNCs (Multinational Companies) to attract, put up and retain employees who move work and live successfully in other countries. Various models are utilize to determine traits of good expat managers (Camilleri, 201135). The choice of models of characteristics of good comport managers for international assignments has been a long and mazy affair (Chew, 200415). Past models indicated that functional or technical expertise has been the basis of choosing expatriate managers for various assignments (Sonja, 2003555). escalate attempts aimed at identifying appropriate expatriate managers were based on recognising personal characteristics of candidates that could enable them serve as split expatriate managers (Fajana, 201158). In other words, training improved their survival during the assignments (Camilleri, 201135). Though the models selection may falsify according differ ent nations, they are all based on potency characteristics and functional capabilities of prospective candidates (Huang and Lawler, 20051670). It can observed that early studies made out specific issues that could influence the success or distress of expatriate managers, originally very little was done to come up with a systemic progression to the expatriate selection process.It is clear that systemic, organisational and environmental issues impact on an expatriates success or failure that were observed from research done on expatriate selection... On the other hand, the explanatory approach has been recently adjusted to a predictive approach that takes into account a study of character characteristics of potential expatriate managers (Budhwar and Sparrow, 2002377). Specifically, researchers pay more attention to the predictive approach development the big five personality characteristics (Jens, 200725). The five characteristics for expatriate success include extroversion, agree ableness, emotional stability, conscientiousness, openness, and intellect. Despite the fact that personality characteristics are state to pass water predictive power in relation to the success of expatriate managers, the practical research to put forward this position is insufficient (Semerae et al., 200771). An all-inclusive study conducted on the big five characteristics found that conscientiousness was reason to be the best predictor for individual performance (Jackson, 200214). In addition to, the link to organisational performance using this approach as the primary selection is somewhat uncertain. Moreover, the big five attributes the development of mixed bag of bats skills that have been used in expatriate manager selection (Azolukwam and Perkins, 200923). Various skill classification schemes have been used to demonstrate the objective of practitioners to set up multiple means to forecast the success of expatriate managers (Price, 200045). The Ashridge Management Research Centre stated five skill categories with different items in each classification (Harvey and Novicevic, 200171). These include language capabilities, openness to different cultures, strategic awareness and adaptability environmental situations. Other studies that support the nuts skill model have increased the number of

Bodybuilding Essay Example for Free

bodybuilder building EssayBodybuilding BY adam5701 When a bodybuilder, fitness, figure, or descriptor competitor begins to prep be for a compete on that point argon so many different variables that go into how you are supposed to train. From personal experience, practice session order has non made a huge impact for the results I was striving to achieve. As dour as I do not work the same muscleman multitude within a 48-hour period (since that is the typical reco really time for your muscles to fully repair), I submit achieved amazing results. Here are a few other functions I highly recommend doing, which if not d hotshot properly it to the highest degree makes it impossible to ucceed.First hire a reputable coach, I initially made the mistake of pickings a shortcut and hired psyche because they were cheap which made me place executed stand in my first competition. Since then I paid the m geniusy and hired some unrivaled who knew the ins and outs of competing and it has done wonders for me. A coachs traffic is to typically plan out your diet, workout routine, supplementation, posing routine, and crush of all its heavy(p) to tolerate someone else looking at you once or doubly a week to light upon how you change and what else you deficiency to improve on.Yes, I could have done all this on my shake off but this outside spunk makes a huge difference and trying to plan all this out while youre brain dead from dieting discount be difficult at times. Next thing is to plan out any little detail in your workout, diet, and sleep schedule for every hour each day. Consistency is a big part of competing and if you are not consistent you exit not see any of the results you desire. When attempting to ca-ca muscle mass or density, approximately tribe automatically think they have to lift obese in order to grow.Personally I have found it much much useful o lift at a lower load with a rep range from 8-20 depending on the exercise. I serene see amazing results because each time I do this I make trus bothrthy I fatigue the muscle and push it until failure. The government agency I achieve this is by making my peace time amid sets and exercises no more than 60 seconds for a single workout, and up to 90 seconds for a drop set (which is starting off with a high weight for a low step of reps and increasing the reps as you drop the weight, I typically drop the weight about 3-4 times).There was also a study performed where Regardless of the number of reps erformed, the subjects burned 52% more calories when they stay puted just 30 seconds between sets as compared to three minutes or more. Working at 10 reps per set burned about 7% more calories than five-rep sets did (Stoppani, Jim, Flex pg. 1). There are also other things I do in order to fatigue my muscle and cause growth, rather than and focusing on rest time. As shown in my workout plan notes you will watching that my 1 5 to 20 repeat exercises are more towards the beginning of my workout.I have it set up this way because I do not do conventional stretching onward orking out since it fundamentally lowers the amount of weight or reps I can perform. Instead I do these warm up sets of 15 to 20, and this isnt Just twisting on easy rep weight, I make sure its enough to where once I build up to those last two reps I feel as if my muscle will give out. This enables blood to flow into the muscles and essentially gets them warmed up and ready for the heavier tasks.Another thing I love incorporating are three workouts of 1 or 2 muscle groups you are training, which I normally choose exercises that are opposite in movement), focus on the time and length of ontraction, and lastly a rest pause (which if I do not perform all 20 reps and only get to 13, I will rest for 20 seconds and complete the remaining 7). Training with these different intensities on random workouts makes a huge difference for authorisation and muscle gain. The main reason I ha ve found this effective is because I am eternally tearing down my muscle fibers with a different method each workout.Another big thing to think about when training for competitions, or even Just working out in cosmopolitan is to achieve the mind and body connection. My theory on this s that its impossible to workout the muscle you are targeting if you are unable to feel it. In other words an isometric contraction, because any type of muscle growth and performance depend primarily on the neuromuscular system (Yessis pg. 1). A good way to practice would be Just to attempt to flex each individual muscle, which at first is very difficult for someone who is Just starting out.Also doing this between sets for 6-10 seconds can actually promote muscle growth and density. Flexing the targeted muscle(s) between sets lets you know the feeling you want to duplicate during the set. With practice, this will strengthen your focus so you can better work that area (Flex pg. 98). If you talk to almo st any bodybuilder or physique athlete, they would be able to make almost any muscle they train contract on its own and will be the first to tell you its extremely difficult to hold.If you continue to train your muscles with these so-tension types of exercises you essentially get them accustomed to being in that position which is crucial for stage presence. If you do not practice this before going onto a stage, you tend to be more susceptible to cramps or its difficult o hold the pose for minutes and points will be deducted from shaking or relaxing on the pose. When training or developing a program, each muscle group needs to be trained for this sport. For me personally I have a few weak areas, which is why my individual workout I train deltoids twice a week and only incline chest workouts on there respected day.Also notice the time spread between the deltoid workouts, its Monday and Friday so I am staying within that time cast for optimal muscle repair. The reason I have so much a ttention on these two muscle groups are because Judges in hysique competition love the big rounded shoulder look, and a full chest. I have a disadvantage in these areas mainly because I am still only 21 so I dont have fully matured muscles yet, and many other competitors are 24 and above. The only way I compensate for this lack of size is to focus on them more than everyone else.Also for the deltoids I have a day that is more heavy, but still at that 12 rep range and another that goes up to 20 reps known as my day. I find it great to have two different variations for optimal muscle growth, especially since it is a small muscle group and s extremely easy to over stress with too much weight in turn causing injury (which I had when I first began lifting at 18). When training this muscle group I focus on the contraction, as well as the time it takes me to fully go through the coaxial and eccentric motion.This method insures for me ensures optimal stress without the risk The sport of fi tness competing is always plagued for injury, and there will always be that risk. Basically every muscle you train will be susceptible to injury, and there is no way to get around it. However, there are ways to brandificantly minimize the risks. physical exertion form has to be at the top of this list hands down, I see many people training and sometimes I cringe Just watching them because it looks as if they will snap their bet on or tear a muscle.Always make sure to have great form and contain with each exercise, and this in my opinion should be applied to any workout you do not Just resistance training. Second thing would have to be the amount of weight you choose to use. I see so many individuals, guys in particular try to do so much damn weight in order to im press out that pretty girl, and in turn end up getting endure and making a fool ut of themselves. Always keep in mind everyone has to start somewhere, and remember no girl is going to care how much weight you can benc h.Also perform exercises that are plausible and not these ridiculous crossflt types of movement exercises. I am sorry, but I am not a firm believer in picking up 2001b from the ground and lifting it over your head. That to me is an instant sign for so many different injuries, and not to mention the trainers instructing you allow you to do it with the most horrendous form. check sure to stretch before working out with warm up sets to et the blood flow throughout the muscle, and after working out with conventional stretches to increase flexibility.Lastly, mind your peers when training because you in fact can injure someone else. I had an incident with a New Years resolution individual that was doing 801b with dummy press, and he decides it is too heavy and Just throws them on the ground and it almost bounced onto my foot, which most likely would have broken it. Now with all that being said there are some freak accidents I have seen people with perfect form and mediocre weight have o ne of heir muscles Just tear, and it is one of the most painful things to witness.I personally had an incident when I was doing incline dumbbell press with 1001b, I performed the exercise without any issues. However when I set the weights down on my knees to put them down, my wrist joint Just snapped and made this loud popping noise and it hurt terribly. I have no estimation what happened and Just took a break for a few weeks because it was painful to grip anything, and it slowly went away for the most part. Since then I use wrist straps and weight belts to help stabilize those parts of my body, which I have found to help.The goal with this program is not only strength gains, but to basically look the best you can physically. It is not all about size, you want to find a nice balance between size, lean muscle mass, and proportionality for your specific division. The program I have set up is the one I currently use for my offseason training (typically the time when there are no show s for 4-6 months). This specific one is to help me gain size, while retaining majority of my lean muscle mass and density so when I have to prepare for a show I will be able to do so with an 8 week program.While prepping for show a lot of my training changes, and I add a few plyometric workouts in as well as interval cardiovascular training 4-6 days a week depending how far out I am from competing. Any type of cardiovascular training I typically do fasted in the morning, difference personally. There are millions of different workouts for different individuals, this specific one I wouldnt say should be used by every competitor since I conformed it to address my weaknesses. For a basic individual who is intermediately experienced with training, and is trying to look great however this would be a great tarting point.

On Time Importance Essay Example for Free

On Time Importance EssayWe be palmy in life only when we make the best use of clip. Time can non be stopped, paused, or regained. well-nigh point in life whether it be business related, or for leisure, some one or something allow need you to be at a certain place at a given snip. Punctuality could be the key to winning a contest, finalizing a business deal, or even keeping your job. We all as hu objet dart creations gift been late before, things happen, yet constant lateness affects your dependability. If you atomic number 18 non dependcapable your opportunities for progression will start to decrease.The life of George majuscule was characterized by a scrupulous regard for punctuality. When he asked a man to bring by some horses he was interested in buying at five in the morning, and the man arrived fifteen minutes late, he was told by the stable groom that the general had been waiting on that point at five, but had now moved on to former(a) business, and that he w ouldnt be able to examine the horses again until the following week. When he told Congress that hed meet with them at noon, he could al almost always be found striding into the chamber just as the clock was striking twelve.Washingtons promptness extended to his mealtimes as well. He ate dinner each day at exactly 4 oclock, and when he invited members of Congress to dine with him, and they arrived late, they were often surp elevated to find the electric chair halfway done with his meal or even pushing back from the table. To his startled, tardy guest he would say, We are punctual here. My cook never asks whether the compevery has arrived, but whether the hour has come. ( www. artofmanliness. com) George Washington was a blameless example on how important punctuality is, and what opportunities can be missed.For our first president, being on time was a way of showing respect to others, and he expected to be treated with the same take aim of respect in return. Although no longer live in an age of knickers and powdered wigs, but being punctual is just as important as it ever was. Soldiers should be minutemen. Punctuality is one of the most valuable habits a soldier can possess. Christopher Andrews said it the best, when it comes to punctuality in the army is your cultivated cabbage and butter. You could be the best soldier, but if youre late all the time you can quickly be potrayed as something way less. being punctual builds and reveals your discipline.The punctual man shows that he can organize his time, that he pays attention to details, and that he can put out this to do that he can set aside a pleasure to take care of business. The non punctual man shows he needs to be supervised, seems unprepared, and unprofessional. These things are all the things that could stop a soldier from progressing. It is like a domino outlet, one consequence leads to another, and leads you mass a trail of detriment.Something so simple as being on time can be the key to bei ng allowed to go to a promotion board, or even staying in the military. If the conduct was constant, attain whitethorn be intiated to separate you from the service. If you are involuntarily separted, you could receive an Honorable run off, a general judgment of dismissal, or chthonian other than honorable conditions discharge. An honorable discharge is a separation with honor ground on the quality of service, which meets the standards of acceptable conduct and performance of duty.A general discharge is a separation under honorable conditions , based on a military record being satisfactory but not sufficiently meritorious to warrant an honorable discharge. A discharge under other than honorable conditions is based upon a pattern of behavior of one or more acts or omissions that constitutes a significant tone ending from the conduct expected of a soldier. An honorable discharge may be awarded under any provisions. A general discharge may be awarded for separation under Chapter 5 , Chapter 9, Chapter 13, or Chapter 14. An under othe than honorable conditions discharge may be awarded for separation under Chapter 14 for misconduct.If you receive an honorable discharge, you will be qualififed for most benefits resulting from military service. An involuntary honorable discharge, however will disqualify you from reenlistment for some purpose of time and may disqualify you from receiving transitional benefits. Also the Montgomery GI Bill you have not met other architectural plan requirements. If you receive a cosmopolitan discharge, you will be disqualified from reenlisting in the service for some period of time and you will be ineligible for some military and VA administered benefits, including the Montgomery GI bill.You may also face difficulty in obtaining civilian employment, as employers have a low regard for the General and Under Other Than Honorable conditions discharges. Although there are agencies to which you may apply to have the character of your d ischarge changed, it is unlikely that any such applications will be successful. Time is the most influential factor in this world. It is abstract. Everything in this world is commanded and decided by time. Nobody can escape the hold of time. It is the time which gives us the opportunity to make use of it.Those who make best use of time and avail those opportunities grow and rise in life. Those who waste their time lag behind. They fail to make any mark in life. He is the wisest who makes the best use of time. He rises to the great heights who keep pace with the time. Time is very important, it should be managed as if each second , minute hour, day is money. After all time is money. If time isnt important to you, remember its important to soul else. If you are late to something chances are you are wasting someone elses time. Being late is a form of stealing. Thats a tough truth, but its a truth nonetheless.When you make others wait for you, you rob minutes from them that theyll neve r get back. Time they could have turned into money, or simply used for the things important to them. In coming to meet you at the hold upon hour, they may have made sacrifices woken up early, cut short their workout, told their kid they couldnt read a story together and your lateness negates those sacrifices. If you wouldnt think of taking ten dollars from another mans wallet, you shouldnt think of stealing ten minutes from him either. Being punctual shows you value time yourself, and thus wouldnt think of depriving others of this precious, but limited resource.Even when you are not dealing with work related things being on time is still important to many people, family, and friends. Being late strains your relationships. When youre late in meeting other people, it makes them feel under-valued, that whatever you couldnt pull yourself away from was more important or that they didnt mean enough to you to warrant allotting sufficient time to arrive on schedule. The guest who go in to see you feels like a dope standing at the airport alone, your date feels inconvenient sitting at the restaurant by herself, and your child feels abandoned as she waits with her teacher for you to arrive, all the other children having already been picked up from school.This is not the first time youve heard that punctuality is important. Its easy to commiserate how keeping our appointments and reporting on time is a sign of respect. This is especially the case for improving employee productivity. If your attraction keeps their word about meetings, deadlines and other time-sensitive promises, its easy to feel motivated to get things done. Failure to be prompt has consequences. When you are late or blow someone off entirely,you are telling them that your time is more important than theirs. Of course we should all be on time. And naturally, when circumstances pop up we should outcry ahead to say we are running late. Lets put aside human psychology and Army mumbo jumbo for a mome nt, however, and talk about machinery. Time is an essential element in any working system. The spark plugs in an engine have to fire at exactly the right speed. A bridge can hold the weight of a million cars, as long as are spaced far enough apart. A clock quickly becomes useless if every second is not precisely one second long.All of these parameters are designed for increasing employee productivity. Time is important Being late is like taking the oil out of a well run machine. It gums up the works, cranks up the heat, and causes things to break. When you are late to a doctors appointment, you may cause a domino effect that disrupts other patients. And when the doctor is running behind, you may end up waiting for ages thanks to overlapping ripples in the schedule. This problem applies to any business. Improvement is only possible if we recognize that failure to manage time affects everything.

Stress Adaptation and the Psycho-Physiological Effects on the Body Essay Example for Free

Stress Adaptation and the Psycho-Physiological Effects on the Body sampleTension is who you think you should be. Relaxation is who you ar. So says the Chinese proverb, (The Quote Garden, 2010) and in this writers opinion, the joint is accurate, in a very broad sense. Tension, or anxious strain rump be defined as the arousal of the mind and be in response to demands made on them (Schafer, 2000). Schafer emphasises repeatedly in his definitions of centering that it is the psyches response to these demands, rather than the demands themselves which plenty influence filter out. Stress depends very much on a persons adaptation of an fifty-fiftyt (Burton, Weston Kowalski, 2009), and as a result of this interpretation, the reconciling responses that the personate and mind activate to cope. The purpose of this essay is to justify the bodys physiological processes for adapting to stress, and as well to smell at psychosocial sources of stress and possible defence mechani sms employd for coping. These discussions entrust be illustrated by the use of the chase teddy study. In this eggshell study, a fair sex who is sharing a car pool is oft suffering from minor illnesses and has recently been diagnosed as having a stress related illness.As stress itself is non necessarily a negative impact, it would be reasonable to presume that the womanhoods arousal aim is either too high or too low, causing her stress to become distress (Schafer, 2000). We argon exposed to stress daily and in a multitude of panaches that may at get-go seem meaningless, such hearing someone begin to speak or seeing a front line in our peripheral vision. Although these events may seem mundane, our body reacts to even these small events by setting in motion the stress response. Schafer (2000) states that even while talking a persons blood jam usually rises and accordingly falls immediately afterwards.These initial stress responses are the bodys way of preparing itself for physical reaction if necessary, either by fleeing from a threat or facing it. This is commonly cognize as the fight-or-flight response (Burton, et al, 2009), which facilitates both animals and humans alike prepare to respond immediately when facing perceived danger. The stress response begins with perception. Stressors are perceived by the peripheral spooky placement (PNS) via the somatic nervous organization through sensory impulses (Brannon Feist, 2004) for example, stressors may be seen by the eyes, or heard or even felt, smelt or tasted.These sensations send afferent neurons to relay information to the brain via the reticular activating system (RAS). Even before messages are sent to the cerebral cortex via the RAS the limbic system will attach emotion to these messages. The limbic system and more specifically the amygdala are involved with the interpretation of emotion (Burton et al, 2009), and since stress is often emotion related this interpretation plays a big part i n how stressors are perceived. The emotion-tagged messages are then sent on to the cerebral cortex for further high-level interpretation. beforehand a reaction occurs a more advanced mental process must interpret and then appraise the stressor (Asterita, 1985 Lovallo, 1997, as cited in Schafer, 2000). This takes place in the cerebral cortex, which is exceedingly more advanced in humans than in animals due to the vast number of cortical cells, allowing humans to give more involved thought to stressors (Schafer, 2000). Perhaps due to this higher level of processing Schafer (2000) proposes that an individuals reality can be set by their own interpretations of events whether to the good or detriment of the individual.Some information is branch sent to the hypothalamus which also interprets non-conscious information, and through the autonomic nervous system can activate the sympathetic nervous system through which arousal occurs to aid the body in coping with the stress. This can work by activating the adrenal medulla, which let gos hormones into the blood stream, such as adrenaline which acts on the liver, causing it to send more glucose into the bloodstream for a ready source of energy (Burton et al, 2009), vital in escape from danger.In the woman in the case study, daily stressors will send these hormones through her body allowing her to temporarily cope with high stress situations. Adrenaline may secrete if she panics realising she is running out of time and needs to be somewhere, at the said(prenominal) time speeding up respiration and elevating body temperature. At the same time the endocrine system is also working in tangent with the sympathetic nervous system, by causing the thyroid to secrete thyroxine into the bloodstream, which increases the rate at which fuel is consumed by the body (Schafer, 2000).The pituitary gland also secretes adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) which works to stimulate the adrenal gland, and as this increases sex hormone prod uction declines, which can explain why interest in sex can also decline during stressful times (Schafer, 2000). On the Holmes-Rahe sustenance events scale for rating stress, sex difficulties are listed as one of the top 15 life stressors (Holmes Rahe, 1967, as cited in Burton et al, 2009). So, loss of interest in sex can be caused by stress, exclusively is also in itself a stressor, thereby creating further stress.General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS), identified by Hans Seyle (1974) consists of trey pointednesss alarm, shield and finally exhaustion. If the woman in our case study is suffering from stress related illness, it is liable(predicate) that she has been exposed to some level of stress for a continual period of time. When the stress first began, her body would discombobulate reacted as described above, in preparation for flight or fight. This is the first stage of the GASalarm. Her body could not detain in this stage however, and has now proceeded to the second phasere sistance.In this stage, her parasympathetic nervous system have normalised her heart rate and respiration, however her blood glucose levels and adrenaline remain elevated. In this stage, her body has begun to adapt to the stress however it remains on high alert (Burton et al, 2009). She is experiencing illness and minor maladies because all of her defences are being used to help her cope with the stressors in her life, and there are none left to protect her body against illness.When someone is in the second phase of GAS for an all-embracing amount of time, the person may engage in behaviours to create a new balance among the stressor and their ability to adjust to it called coping mechanisms (Kunert, 2005) or adaptive behaviours. These could include activities such as engaging in an hour of meditation after a long hectic day at work to placate tension, learning a new skill that may help with an increased workload, or using the work of a financial planner to assist with money w orries.While there are many adaptive behaviours that people can engage to help with coping, there are also many maladaptive behaviours. These could include social withdrawal to avoid appearance anxiety, and addictions such as to prescribed medicine taken to help with anxiety, or alcohol addiction. Alcohol has commonly been theorised as a coping mechanism for stress. The tension-reduction hypothesis states that want to drink alcohol increases with perceived stress levels (Conger, 1956 as cited in Rice avant-garde Arsdale, 2010 and Rice Van Arsdale, 2010).Rice and Van Arsdale (2010) in their studies found stronger links between stress and drinking for women compared to men. Considering this information the woman in the case study may turn to alcohol to cope with the perceived stress upon her. The threesome and last stage of the GAS is exhaustion. If the woman in the case study remains in the resistance phase for too long, her body will eventually pause down, her physiological de fences will be exhausted, resulting in greater exposure to a serious or even life-threatening disease. Vulnerable organs such as the heart are the first to go during this stage (Burton et al, 2009).There are many studies that have related psychosocial factors as contributing to perceived stress (Kunert, 2005). Psychosocial sources of stress are vast each persons experience of the social environment, including family, friends, school, work, church, neighbourhood, community, region and nation can be a source of stress (Schafer, 2000). Environmental or economic factors may also be a source of stress. Deteriorating economy can cause job-insecurity and limited resources, as with limited money and resources coping strategies become limited to what is available and affordable.The woman in the case study many have monetary issues which are causing her continued stress, as money problems are not usually something that can be remedied swiftly, except in the case of an unthought windfall just as a lotto win or unexpected inheritance. She might also be experiencing relationship troubles with her family or partner, which may also need significant time to resolve. Sometimes, when people arent able to confront their stressor directly to try to cope they will use defence mechanisms as a coping tool instead.Some common defence mechanisms are denial, repression and projection (Morris Maisto, 2005). The woman in the case study may use denial to cope with her stress. For example, if the others in the car pool with her were to say to her that her married man should be helping her more with her daily jobs she may defend her husbands character vehemently (even to herself), even if she does agree with them but feels she cannot rectify the situation with her husband. Another defence mechanism she may use could be projection of emotion toward one thing onto another.If her head has reprimanded her at work for something, and then a family member admonishes her without intent she may t ake out her frustrations on the family member in place of her boss to whom she cannot. In conclusion, stress is as much biological process as it is psychological. The woman in the case study would be experiencing many internal physiological coping strategies that will aid her to fight or flight if necessary, but if kept in this state perpetually the body will eventually wear itself out leaving her exposed to illness.Her perceived stress could have come from a number of sources in her social environment, and in addition to internal coping strategies she may use defence mechanisms or maladaptive behaviour to further assist her in coping. We all experience stress. It is how the individual perceives the stress and copes with it that will in conclusion influence our experience of the world.

Language spoken Essay Example for Free

Language verbalise EssayEngland is filled with a mixture of different dialects and pronunciation. any sphere or city has its own dialect pronunciation and peculiar(prenominal) words only engagementd in that area for case in east London innit. The enveloping(prenominal) the areas are the much similar they are. In addition people living in a circumstantial area ca-ca their own peer groups these peer groups keep their own sociolect. Sociolect basically, means language spoken by a social group, social class or subculture. In this regards it differs to the dialect of that area slightly. E truly person in that peer group has their own idiolect.Idiolect means a variety of language curious to an individual. It is manifested when that person chooses the word phrases or idioms which are unique to an individual. The idiolect you direct is influenced by many factors, for example the area you live in, where you are from and who is in your peer group. These could happen simultaneo usly which will make your idiolect even more unique. I believe that your idiolect is mainly changed by your geographical location. My idiolect has been changed drastically through the years I have been living.Even though I was born in the UK the first language I was taught was Farsi, this was minor black eye save I was able to overcome this issue. As I was sent to school, I renovated this issue and I was able to distinguish both languages and I usually never had to code switch. As I grew my acquaintance on the incline language increased considerably, however my amount of Farsi I knew increased at a really steady pace. This is because in school I was improving my English as it was a fate at home this didnt happen a lot, my parents only wanted me to know the basics of my language and that was fair to middling for them.In addition my mum and dad wanted me to fit into society better. They done this by the butt on of primary socialisation, they told me not to swear, not to code sw itch so that I do not have to be deviant in school and to speak in standard English. At a very young age of 6-7 I was slightly getting confused with the English language. This is because as I spent time with my peer group they taught me their sociolect, at the time I wasnt meliorate on this topic enough. For example one day my friend told me when we were inside to Look out as there was a eggs flying towards our window at a high speed.As I was not educated, I public opinion he literally meant for me to look outside luckily I did look outside but the nut case missed me. This use of a phrasal verb confused me this is because phrasal verbs also confuse non-native speakers and I wasnt that educated on this new theatrical role of dialect. At this time I started to mix both standard English and my sociolect until I reached 8 years old. At this time I was able to make out the type language I should use in school, the one I should use with my friends and the one I should use at home. E ven though I was able to differentiate when to speak each language I still had problems.My English at this time was getting better day by day however my Farsi improvements came at a standstill. When I use to speak to my parents, and I could not find the correct barrier in Farsi, I had to say it in English. This caused me to code switch even more. This automatically made me speak a mixture of English and Farsi when I went home. Did not finish (deliberate), Mrs Hart please tell me what I should add to improve what I can to make it even better. I was going to talk roughly my transcript however I am unable as I want to know the mistakes I have made so that I can make it better with the transcript By Wariss Tamim 10. 8.

Health Care Museum Essay Example for Free

Health sustenance Museum Essay1. globe HealthAs stated by Committee for the Study of the Future of human beings Health Division of Health Cargon Services, Prior to the eighteenth cytosine there was several epidemics of plague, cholera, and sm allbox, which provoke sporadic public efforts to protect citizens in the face of a dread disease (1988, p.57). During the eighteenth century public wellness aw atomic number 18ness and efforts helped disease to be seen through a new scope of gentle wellness conditions rather than a super natural effect that could be controlled through isolation of the disturbed and quarantine of commonwealth who traveled. Many hatful thought disease was contributed to poor moral or still a spiritual mediated factor that could be healed through prayer and/or meditation. domain Health has several improving factors amongst people in the United States.These improving factors include but are not limited to preventative measures of controlling infecti ous disease, immunizations, safer and healthier foods, and a cleaner environment. Public health has helped decrease hospital infections and diseases from spreading in numerous ways. One important contribution public health has implement is the education of hand washing in hospitals and with food handling as well. By educating people ab aside hand washing, it has decreased transmission of bacteria from spreading to patient to patient. Proper steps such(prenominal) as lathering hands with soap, rubbing hands together for 15 seconds, using a clean base towel to dry hands and lastly turning off water with a paper towel has help prevent transmission of multiple bacteria from spreading.2. PenicillinPenicillin was discovered by Dr. black lovage Fleming in 1928. Dr. Alexander Fleming was a bacteriologist and discovered penicillin, a mold, when examining colonies of Staphylococcus aureus on petri dishes in his laboratory. Upon examining the colonies of Staphylococcus aureus there where are as that did not preclude growth due to the Penicillin mold. This discovery was extremely important in muniment because it lead to the combat of infectious diseases. Penicillin was not used as an antibiotic until 1942. In 1942 Penicillin was used on its first patient who real an infection after miscarrying. The clinical pertain of penicillin was on a large scale of events, it has lead to a wide scale of antibiotics that is used today. These same technologies became the model for the development and production of new types of bioproducts (i.e., anti tummycer agents, monoclonal antibodies, and industrial enzymes).The clinical impact of penicillin was large and immediate. By ushering in the widespread clinical use of antibiotics, penicillin was trustworthy for enabling the control of many infectious diseases that had previously burdened mankind, with subsequent impact on international population demographics. Moreover, the large cumulative public effect of the many new antibiotics and new bioproducts that were developed and exploit on the basis of the science and technology after penicillin demonstrates that penicillin had the superior therapeutic impact event of all times (Kardos N, Demain Al)3. American rosy pass acrossThe American florid Cross was founded in 1881 by Clara Barton. Clara Barton visited europium and heard about the Swiss-inspired Red Cross. When she returned home from her visit she campaigned for an American Red Cross and for ratification of the geneva Convention protecting the war-injured, which the United States ratified in 1882 (American cross.org). The purpose of the American Red Cross is to tutelage in giving relief and to help service a medium communication between the American armed forces and their families. During World War II, the American Red Cross initiated a national declination computer programme that obtained over 13.3 million pints of split for the armed forces. The American Red Cross has a huge impact nation wide a nd with the United States.The American Red Cross responds to aiding in major disasters such as hurricanes, earthquakes, and wars. Their response strategy also educates in nutrition,accident prevention, home care for the sick, safety training, kiss of life/AED training, human immunodeficiency virus/AIDS education along with emotional care and support during disasters. One of the major contributing factors of the American Red Cross is its blood program. Its blood program supplies more than 40 percent of the blood products in the United States (American Cross, 2014). Many hospitals and health care facilities acquire their blood products from the American Red Cross to transfuse into their patients, which has give birthd thousands of lives.4. CPRCPR was developed in the 1700 to save the lives of drowning victims. Over a 100 years later, in 1891, Dr. Friedrich Maass performed the first documented chest compressions on a human. In 1960, a assort of resuscitation pioneers, Drs. Peter Sa far, James Jude, and William Bennett Kouwenhouven, combined mouth-to-mouth breathing with chest compressions to create Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation, the lifesaving action we now vociferate CPR (American subject matter Association, 2014) CPR was once known to only be performed by people in the health care field. Today, there are more than 12 million people annually who are trained in CPR and advanced life support who certified to aid in rescuing lives. CPR has cast upd the survival rate of patients who are in sudden cardiac ar correspondence. check to the American Heart Association, nearly 383,000 sudden cardiac arrests occur annually out of the hospital, and 88 percent of sudden cardiac arrests occur at home5. MEDICAREIn 1965 President Johnson signed into law the Medicare program. The Medicare program was put into frame due to several Americans over 65 who were unable to obtain medical indemnification. There were numerous factors leading(p) to Americans not being able to hav e medical insurance. Some people were unable to pay for cloak-and-dagger insurance at the same time some employers do not offer medical insurance. According to the CMS (2013) on March 26, 1965 congressional leaders discussed the Medicare legislation plan. In this discussion it was stated that every American over the age of 65 will be guaranteed comprehensive Hospital medical protection for the rest of their life. For three dollars a month after he is 65, he also receives full coverage for medical, surgical, and separate fees whether he is in or out of the hospital (p. 10). Today Medicare serves a large population for the antiquated and disabled individuals. Theres several different types of Medicare plans.There is a medical Medicare part a Medicare part B and the Medicare part C. Medicare part A and B is the original Medicare plans, Medicare advantage is part C and theres also a prescription drug program which is part D Medicare advantage part C and part D are offered by private i nsurance companies. The wonderful thing about Medicare, is Medicare can be a supplement health insurance. Meaning that an individual can have a private health insurance such as Blue Cross or Blue sort and in addition to that they can also have Medicare. For example if a patient has Blue Cross or Blue Shield that would be their primary insurance and Medicare would be their secondary insurance. Both insurances would be billed, leaving no out of pocket expenses for the patient.Our healthcare system evolves day by day. With new innovation and technology enhancements our healthcare lurch system has empowered us to provide the utmost quality of care. Form the public health system taking the preventative measures of controlling infectious disease is with the education of hand washing skills to the development of antibiotics. Penicillin surface the way for curing infections, thus improving life expectancy. Penicillin was first antibiotic to be used on a human being, and has also enabled scientists to develop and produce different types of new antibiotics. The introduction of cardio pulmonary resuscitation helps save lives every day, whether the patient be in or out of the hospital setting. With the help of the American Red Cross educating and training thousands of people to perform CPR, CPR has increased the survival rate of many people who fall victim to the sudden cardiac arrest.Not only has the American Red Cross aided in educating people on how to perform CPR but also has saved thousands of lives with its blood program. Its blood programs supplies 40% of the United States blood products, impacting the lives of individuals who need a blood transfusion as well as their loved ones. The American Red Cross has helped in aid relief efforts for major disasters and is a authoritative link between families and the Armed Forces. As a link between Armed Forces and families the American Red Cross facilitates the transportation of military men and women with the connecti on to their ill family member(s). As peoples life expectancy tends to increase many people who are 65 andover utilize the need for Medicare. Medicare pays for millions of senior citizens including those who are disabled. The healthcare system is a huge umbrella, where each part functions as a whole, one cannot function without the other.ReferencesAmerican Heart Association. (2014). CPR Statistics. Retrieved fromhttp//www.heart.org/HEARTORG/CPRAndECC/WhatisCPR/CPRFactsandStats/CPR-Statistics_UCM_307542_Article.jspAmerican Red Cross. (2014). A Brief History of the American Red Cross. Retrieved fromhttp//www.redcross.org/about-us/historyCenters for Medicare Medicaid Services. (2013).CMS History Project Presidents Speeches Table of Contents pdf. Retrieved fromhttp//www.cms.gov/About-CMS/Agency-Information/History/Downloads/CMSPresidentsSpeeches.pdfCommittee for the Study of the Future of Public Health Division of Health Care Services.(1988). The future of public health. Washington, D.C . National Academy Press.Kardos N, Demain AL. (2011). Penicillin the medicine with the greatest impact on therapeuticoutcomes. NCBI. Retrieved from http//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21964640Kardos N, Demain AL.

Management accounting and decision making Essay Example for Free

circumspection explanation and decision devising EssayAccording to Burger (2008) chronicle is the language of business. A plenteousness of people think its just numbers, but its re aloney a lot more than that. There ar a lot of argonas outside of numbers that need to be looked at, processes and procedures, what the stones throw of the company is. write up will take you in just about any direction in a company. Wade Becker, CPA, Beard, Miller Co. The job description of many professions is changing nowadays. The skills to perform a true job require more skills to perform a particular job. If an example of Information Technology is to be taken then it is realized that once they were left to do IT related jobs or make computers relieve oneself however, in like a shots world IT professionals are now moving into higher level centering positions which require them to perform many other labors which may not be directly related to the their profession.Therefore, a stereot ypical role of an paperant was once considered a number person but todays era demands history professional to own and determination interactive and communication skills to help with the decision making process across all areas of a business. In a managerial report world all professionals must communicate their ideas to other companies using ways which are tactful and effective. Siegel (2000) states that Management accountants should be prominent communicators. Durry C (1992) believes that guidance accounting is concerned with providing information to managers that is people inside an government activity who direct and get wind the operations. In the 19th Century pecuniary accounting was considered to be the need of a society which afterward evolved to Management accounting. Management accounting became a prerequisite for more detailed information for stock control, harvesting existing and decisions affecting the future. Accounting is facing numerous challenges, as Elking ton (1998) states business people must increasingly recognise that the challenge now is to help to deliver simultaneously economic prosperity, environmental quality and fond equity.All this is making business managers to re-examine the practices that are currently led. Cokins G and Hicks D believe that managerial accounting is part of an organisations way information schema. To follow any business or an organisation guide managers engage in activities which involve an effective cost model as it idler be a great asset to an organisation. A business or projects to be a winner or bereavement three things need to be considered, forexample, cost, schedule and performance. A project should be continued within the agency supplyd otherwise stakeholders struggle to finance the project and its abandoned. A success of a manager is when appropriate tools are employed and sound safe decisions are make and follow on with applying substantial level of expertise to have effective cost mana gement.The world today is surrounded by increasingly advanced engineering science such as computer assisted manufacturing and flexible manufacturing systems. According to Cokins and Hicks presidential terms to compete effectively need to check the cost of each product or element of their value chain from product design and procure of material therefore internal cost is rattling important as mentioned in Cokins and Hicks article because it becomes exact for competitive action and increasing shareholders wealth in the current globally competitive economy. Management accounting systems are the bene ciphers of the precarious internal cost information. There has been few criticisms conk outing to the literature of Management accounting system and it has been labeled outdated and there has been criticisms linked to its consistency as it has been thought that it does not provide consistent information with the current strategic management paradigm.Cokins and Hicks believe that syste ms designs elements should capture the fundamental technology, promote a business based on effective cost model, quality and lead time. Precise and appropriate cost information is critical to managements decision making procedures (Cokins and Hicks) and the literature being studied reveals Management accounting system reflects the organizational complications of the current world however traditional Management accounting systems do not replicate current organizational era as all costing procedures were designed nearly late nineteenth century. In traditional era product line diversity was not very common and cost of materials and direct labour were the main components of production cost but the environment today is surrounded around advanced technology and automation and that has led the prime cost to be the disk overhead component. The overhead costs are altering product cost because of the old management accounting system techniques. Management accounting needs a unique set of s kills and behaviour.According to Cokins and Hicks Accounting Management cloth gives business a planned approach to address all factors that will manage accounts interface and todays reality. make and Kaplan believe there are six critical factors which play a crucial rolein Accounting Management framework which also backs Cokins and Hicks journal being studied for this assignment. The first one is organizational structure. It includes factors such as whom and how you manage accounts, why and how you organize around them. The assist account management success factor is people as they need the appropriate skills, knowledge and skills to experience and perform the role. The third factor is tools and technology as it must support the account management processes and must balance help as control. The fourth one is compensations structures as they can inhibit change or accelerate adoption. The fifth account management success factors are processes and methodologies as they should align with the customer, drive growth and opportunity plan and the pull round factor channels and alliances must be managed effectively through the account manager interface.it is up to an organization to structure their useful employees around their key customers and that can create a deep impact on their performance. First few deliberate decisions need to be taken in terms of placement of accounts management resources such as market and territory.Cokins and Hicks believe management police squad need to plan using methodology a number of factors to create a ranking based on the business goal for the standstill and ability to deliver. Once these methodologies are selected they can play a vital role in team structure and it will help to deal with issues such as ownership or shareholders Cokins and Hicks discuss the passing amidst cost accounting and managerial accounting and the forcefulness of their article is that managerial accounting is fasten with GAAP whereas cost accounting is utilise within a business to manage that particular business.Accounting standards of a country provide guidelines to an accountant so they can be used while describe economic transactions of a business. United Kingdom accounting has improved a lot as mentioned in the journal being studied for this particular assignment. Managers have immense pressure to improve fiscal management practices to improve service to the community and it is not only done on national level. managerial accountants have to keep accountant standards fair globally and that is mainly done through Accounting Standards Committee. What gets metrical gets managed, What needs managed gets measured (Peter Drucker) famous quotes has cause many criticisms but if the practices and make growment mentioned in Cokins and Hicks journal are to be analyzed, one can conclude this quote has some truth. Managers of a businessoften use this quote indicates that active management of businesses should be given importance inst ead of accountability to gain in demand(p) goals. It will lead to survive in todays world of information age argument therefore businesses should ensure they are using management systems resulting from their strengths.Any business main task is to develop an active measurement system as it is main part of the management process. Good management practices lead to using certain measures to plan, implement and improve certain aspects of an organization. According to Kaplan, (1994) measurement is a difficult task because it is not related to science so there are no facts and does not have rules between variables. Furthermore, systems which are used by management accountants will make sure that actions are taken harmonise to the strategies and objectives developed. There has been an immense amount of research on management accountants and the research evidence has proved that businesses which are using a developed measurement system are developing and gaining profits therefore, Gates ( 1991) states an organizations objectives and validity of measures, varies, depending on people, culture and past experiences of the organization. The management accountant was developed after 1980s and it was seen a sumptuous era in management accounting research as it saw forward-looking techniques and practices beneficial to the management accounting.One of the techniques developed in 80s was strategic management accounting and some of the processes which fall under the course of study of strategic management accounting are activity based costing and balance identity card. The balance scorecard emerged after it was realized that there is a need of an integrated system which can be used to measure both financial and non-financial performances. It helps companies to view their performances on a regular basis and it gave a bear view of what should be measured in order to balance a particular business financial perspectives. The balance score card consists of four functions know n as learning and growth perspective. It means how to strain a certain organizations goals and how will a business will sustain its ability to change and improve. the second perspective is financial and its aim is to succeed financially and is mainly concerned with making a effective impression to shareholders. Another perspective is based on customers as they can determine sales and to discover business goals a good impression is to be made upon customers.The last perspective is known as internal businessprocesses. It mainly deals with how to satisfy customers and shareholders and what business processes must a certain business jump as. (Kaplan and Norton1996) Balance scorecard is one of the necessities for any organization and it is used by the management to accomplish mental imagery and strategies of an organization and it has few other benefits too such as, making sure managers are managing every hotshot variable within an organization and are not working upon favoritism. If more developments are to be discussed and strength of Cokins and Hicks journal than one must not forget one of the major development in an accounting field known as Activity-based costing. Kaplan and Cooper gave this idea a new beginning as it was not very well known in previous years. According to Kaplan (1996) manufacturing costs are determined by amount of activities and the key to effective cost control is maintaining the effectiveness of the activities ABC recognizes better cost pools for indirect costs and then implies cost drivers to relate the expenses in the cost pools to activities of an organization. ABC has become more public in recent years but faces a lot of criticisms too due to the fact that sometimes businesses face difficulties in implementing this technique.ABC is enhanced further by Activity-based management as they believe in planning and measurement and class them as key factors in a competitive business environment. To conclude, If an organization has acc ounts managers or not a success can only be achieved if a successful compose is valued. It can be done through an industry as it will help determine to what limit an account manager is an industry expert and the second is through customers as it is vital for an accountant to check the businesses being worked upon. The profession Accountancy has seen many developments and criticisms however, since 1980s there has been many changes in management accountancy. The new changes are focusing on measurement tools within a business to manage its aims and objectives.Management techniques are discussed briefly in this essay and they emphasize on Cokins and Hicks journal that management decisions can be made better by using effective management measurement tools and it leads to improving the management of an organization. There can be problem with new measurement techniques as nothing in life comes with a indorsement however, new ideas can be used on the basis of guess work and the new cont ributions could be a way forward.

The Character of Scrooge Essay Example for Free

The Character of crank attempt dickens suggests that Scrooge is missing out on the fun and games by saying, that the consequence of his taking a dislike to us and not making merry with us, is, as I think, that he loses any(prenominal) beautiful moments, which could do him no harm. This suggests that Scrooge starts to expression a bit of remorse, since he turned the invite down. Scrooge is forced to realise that he has missed a chance to be merry with the only family he has left in the world. Fin everyy, the ghost shows Scrooge 2 personifications of the social situation in the form of two tiddlerren Ignorance (a boy) and Want (a girl), who symbolise piece of musickinds downfall.Dickens uses this personification to emphasise the point of mankinds destruction, for instance the spirit says, Most of all bew are this boy, for on his brow I see that written which Doom This signifies if people continue to neglect the poor, society will crumble. In this rundle Scrooge feels ne w emotions such as regret for not paying his clerk Bob Cratchit enough money, since he lives in poverty with a huge family and a crippled son, and more regret for not attending the invite from Fred. Also, he feels a lot s loaner and some happiness for Freds games and the laughter, Scrooges family had without him.The ghost of Christmas yet to come represents closing and judgement, this ghost is also be intimaten as a phantom because it is wearing a black cloak which conceals its face and it doesnt say a word to add to the morbid atmosphere. They visited a house where there was one little knot of business men with a lady trying to sell some of Scrooges possessions, he sees nobody is upset by his death, but quite raiding his hose and selling off his property. I hope he didnt die of anything catching Eh? Dont you be afraid of that. This shows that people are joking over his death and no-one solicitudes about his departure from the face of the earth. He is very upset that no-one care s about his death, all they can do is laugh and attempt to make a profit from his be dourings. Scrooge asks the spirit If there is any person in the town, who feels emotion caused by this mans death Show that person to me, spirit They go to the Cratchits house, but The only emotion that the ghost could show him, caused by the event, was one of pleasure. This emphasises that no-one liked him and cared about him at all, so they were not sad to witness his death.After a while, they return to the Cratchits house where Bob has just returned from work. Dickens makes Scrooge feel miserable, regret and guilt that he did not offer his help to save Tiny Tim from dying, by making the Cratchit family more depressed, for instance, My little, little child Cried Bob. My little child He broke down all at once. This makes the reader feel benignity for the Cratchits and anger towards Scrooge, as he did not help a poor family at need. Also, it makes Scrooge feel terrible and he realises that he mu st transform his ways and become a better person, to see to it these perceptions from happening.Stave four is a particularly religious section of the hand, as it deals with Scrooges redemption and moral reformation. The language used by Dickens is similar to that used in a religious teaching, for example Oh cold, cold, rigid, imposing death, set up thine altar here. This biblical language is meant to make us aware that as readers we are being taught a moral lesson. All Christians believed strongly in heaven and hell the thought of disbursement the rest of quantifylessness in hell, frightened most Christians, so even the meanest of people would consider changing their ways to go to heaven.In stave five, Scrooge awakens on Christmas day as a changed man. He buys the largest turkey in town and donates it to the Cratchits. Ill send it to Bob Cratchits This shows that Scrooge has finally reformed and he is now a better man, as he is being a lot more generous. Dickens shows tha t Scrooge has learnt his moral lessons and is not going back to his old ways, he does this by this continual joy, care and generosity, throughout the character of Scrooge in stave five, for example Heres the turkey. Hallo Whoop How are you Merry Christmas This over again emphasises that Scrooge has realised and acknowledged his faults and changed them plus he donates lots of money to the poor, Scrooge says, not a farthing less This once more shows Scrooges generosity, the poor and the two gentlemen were very grateful. He also celebrates a winning Christmas with his nephew Dickens shows this by saying, Wonderful party, wonderful games, wonderful unanimity, won-der-ful happiness This stresses the changes Scrooge has made and that he is having a magnificent time with his family, at last.The next morning Scrooge was at his office ready to sports meeting Bob Cratchit and give him a pay rise, he says Ill raise your salary, and endeavour to assist your fight family And thats exactly what Scrooge did, he did not just raise Bobs salary, but he became like a second father to Tiny Tim, who did not die. There are many references to heaven in this stave such as I am as happy as an angel, He went to church and perfection bless us, every one in contrast to the references to hell when he was parsimonious, mean-spirited and had a cold heart, for instance, It is goddamned to wander through the world, ages of incessant labour by immortal creatures, for this earth must pass eternity and dark master This creates the impression that Scrooge was going to hell in stave one because he was stingy, cruel and uncharitable. Dickens teaches a social lesson to us, near the end of the book, so we remember it. He tells us not to worry if people laugh at the sudden change in you as long as you are doing good deeds that is all that matters, for instance, Some people laughed to see the alteration in him, but he let them laughHis own heart laughed and that was quite enough for him. Th is puts emphasis on Scrooges reformation and confirms that Scrooge has changed for the better and for good. A Christmas Carol is an inverted tragedy, since it has five staves similar to the five acts of a Shakespeare play but Scrooge begins a cold-hearted, cruel, spiteful and uncharitable and ends a loving, caring generous man with a stronger, warmer heart, especially to the poor and needy.Through the character of Scrooge, Dickens hoped to change the views of society by showing the rich people, who would have read the book that they were Scrooge (not sharing their wealth being fussy and cold-hearted). It reflects that money does not lead to happiness, but living a high-quality Christian, moral life does. As the book continues on, Scrooge becomes more and more enthusiastic to learn his moral lessons, for example As I know your purpose is to do me good, and as I hope to live to be another man from what I was This shows his eagerness to gain knowledge of his moral and social lessons a nd his acceptance of his faults. Christianity was a vast issue in the 1840s, and the idea of burning in hell would have made a lot of people change their miserable, tight-fisted ways. This Christian theme is set throughout the book and if you repent your ways you will be save (go to heaven). Dickens uses Christmas because it is an occasion when generosity, exuberance and affection should be in our hearts as a time to convey this message of charity.