The System Behind The Scientific Calculator Computer Science Essay

The System Behind The scientific reckoner Computer apprehension EssayThe first scientific ready reckoner that included all of the elemental features above was the schedulemableHewlett-PackardHP-9100A,1released in 1968, though theWangLOCI-2 and the Mathatronics Mathatron had whatsoever features later identified with scientific computing device de halls. The HP-9100 series was built entirely from discretetransistor dodge of logic with nointegrated circuits, and was one of the first white plagues of theCORDICalgorithm for trigonometric reckoning in a personal computing device, as well as the first calculator based onreverse Polish notationentry. HP became closely identified with RPN calculators from and then on, and even today some of their high-end calculators (particularly the long-livedHP-12Cfinancial calculator and theHP-48series of graphing calculators) still offer RPN as their inadvertence input mode due to having garnered a actually large chase.TheHP-35, introduced on February 1, 1972, wasHewlett-Packards firstpocket calculatorand the worlds first hold scientific calculator.2 interchangeable some of HPs desktop calculators it utilizereverse Polish notation. Introduced at US$395, the HP-35 was available from 1972 to 1975. HP continues to develop and market high-end scientific calculators, like theHP-35sandHP-49 series, which defend been favored by scientists and engineers, in labs, offices, as well as in the field.Texas Instruments, after the introduction of several units with scientific notation, came out with a handheld scientific calculator on January 15, 1974 in the form of the SR-50.3TI continues to be a major fraud in the calculator market, with their long-runningTI-30series creation one of the most widely used scientific calculators in classrooms.Casioand sagaciously live with also been major players, with Casios FX series (beginning with the Casio FX-1 in 19724) being a very common brand, used particularly in schools. Casio is also the 3citation necessitateedplayer in thegraphing calculatormarket, and was the first comp whatever to produce one (Casio fx-7000G). mental institutionScientific CalculatorTop of FormBottom of FormThe calculator was written by Rolf Howarth in early 1996.A fully have scientific calculator with proper operator precedence is implemented, including trig wait ons and logarithms, factorials, 12 levels of parentheses, logs to base 2 (a handy mesh for information entropists), bitwise logical operators, hex, octal, binary and ASCII display.The calculator is written in JavaScript and you are welcome to view the JavaScript kickoff (visible within the HTML page) for personal educational purposes as long as you recognize that it is copyrighted and not in the public domain. This calculator is presently available as part of Hummingbirds Enterprise Information Portal. All enquiries regarding licensing the calculator should be directed to Hummingbird Ltd.Basic FunctionsAdditionThe addition (su m function) is used by clicking on the + thrust or using the keyboard. The function forgets in a+b.SubtractionThe subtraction (minus function) is used by clicking on the - firing or using the keyboard. The function events in a-b.MultiplicationThe multiplication (times function) is used by clicking on the x liberation or using the keyboard * key. The function results in a*b.DivisionThe division (divide function) is used by clicking on the / dismissal or using the keyboard / key. The function results in a/b.SignThe sign key (negative key) is used by clicking on the (-) aloneton. The function results in -1*x. forthrightThe square function is used by clicking on the x2 button or type 2. The function results in x*x. agora RootThe square root function is used by clicking on the x button or type sqrt(). This function represents x.5 where the result squared is equal to x.Raise to the PowerThe raise to the power (y increase to the x function) is used by clicking on the yx button or t ype . inborn business leaderialThe natural exponential (e raised to the x) is used by clicking on the ex button or type exp(). The result is e (2.71828) raised to x.LogarithmThe logarithm (LOG) is used by clicking on the LOG button or type LOG().Natural LogarithmThe Natural logarithm (LN) is used by clicking on the LN button or type LN().InverseMultiplicative inverse (reciprocal function) is used by pressing the 1/x button or typing inv(). This function is the same as x-1 or dividing 1 by the weigh.ExponentNumbers with exponents of 10 are displayed with an e, for example 4.5e+100 or 4.5e-100. This function represents 10x. Numbers are automatically displayed in the format when the number is too large or too small for the display. To enter a number in this format use the exponent key EEX. To do this enter the mantissa (the non exponent part) then press EEX or typee and then enter the exponent.FactorialThe Factorial function is used by clicking the button or type .PIPI is a mathema tical constant quantity of the ratio of a circles circumference to its diameter.PROPOSED SYSTEMThe following documentation is a roll the Name of the term paper allotted. It is a detailed sum-up of all the drawbacks of the old schema and how the new proposed system overcomes these shortcomings. The new system takes into cypher the various factors while proposeing a new system. It keeps into the account the Economical bandwidth available for the new system. The foremost thing that is taken headache of is the Need and Requirements of the User.DESCRIPTIONBefore developing software program we keep following things in mind that we bum develop powerful and quality softwarePROBLEM STATEMENTProblem statement was to physique a facultyWhich is user friendlyWhich go out restrict the user from accessing other users data.Which exit serve user in viewing his data and privileges.Which provide help the administrator to handle all the changes.FUNCTIONS TO BE PROVIDEDThe system will be u ser friendly and completely menu driven so that the users shall have no problem in using all options.The system will be efficient and fast in response.The system will be customized according to needs.(ViewAddDeleteModify)SYSTEM REQUIRMENTSOperating system MS Windows XP or Windows VistaLanguage C LanguageProcessor Pentium IV Processor RAM 512 MB Hard disk 5 GBSYSTEM DESIGNThen we began with the design phase of the system. System design is a solution, a HOW TO approach to the creation of a new system. It translates system requirements into ways by which they can be do operational. It is a translational from a user point document to a document oriented programmers. For that, it provides the sagacity and procedural details necessary for the implementation. Here we use flow sheet to supplement the working of the new system. The system thus made should be reliable, durable and above all should have least realistic forethought costs. It should overcome all the drawbacks of the Old ex isting system and most of import of all meet the user requirements.Welcome to main menu of Scientific CalculatorEnter Your Choice?On calculatorDo your any taskDo you want to continue?STARTTrignometery(sin,cos)Inverse(1/x)STOP vanquish off calculatorYesNoAPPLICATIONSIn most countries, schoolchilds use calculators for schoolwork. in that location was some initial resistance to the idea out of fear that staple fibre arithmetic skills would suffer. There remains disagreement about the importance of the superpower to perform calculations in the head, with some curricula restricting calculator use until a certain level of proficiency has been take fored, while others concentrate more on teaching estimation techniques and problem-solving. Research suggests that inadequate guidance in the use of calculating tools can restrict the kind of mathematical thinking that students utilise in. Others have argued that calculator use can even cause encumbrance mathematical skills to atrophy, o r that such use can prevent understanding of advanced algebraic concepts.There are other concerns for example, that a school-age child could use the calculator in the wrong fashion but weigh the answer because that was the result given. Teachers try to combat this by encouraging the student to make an estimate of the result manually and ensuring it roughly agrees with the calculated result. Also, it is possible for a child to type in 1-1 and obtain the correct answer 1 without realizing the principle involved. In this sense, the calculator becomes a crutch rather than a learning tool, and it can slow down students in exam conditions as they check even the most trivial result on a calculator.FUTURE SCOPE OF THE PROJECTOur project will be able to implement in future after making some changes and modifications as we make our project at a very low level. So the modifications that can be done in our project areTo make it screen touch so no need to touch key buttons and one more change which can we made is to add snaps of the person who use it.TESTINGTesting is the major find out measure used during software development. Its basic function is to detect errors in the software. During requirement analysis and design, the output is a document that is usually textual and no executable. After the coding phase, computer programs are available that can be executed for testing purpose. This implies that testing not only, has to uncover errors introduced during coding, but also errors introduced during previous phase. Thus the goal of testing is to uncover the requirements, design and coding errors in the programs. The Sourcecode declared above for the program of Scientific Calculator has been tested and it has been found that the above source code is okay and correct.The program involves many type of conversions. These conversions has to done carefully

Impact of Speech and Language Difficulties on Development

Impact of rescue and spoken communion Difficulties on Development rationalise the impact that speech, deli real and communication difficulties plenty pass on a tikes over both development. helpThe difficulties a babes development can have atomic number 18 in m whatsoever aspects of which be PSED (physical, social and emotional development), hornswoggle, and literacy, maths, understanding the public and expressive arts and de press.Looking at PSED, it effect the side of self-importance confidence, self esteem, sharing views, discussing anything, being part of an activity physic all in ally, being amongst a group of friends and making a decision.Look at the from the view evidence of yourself, being a part of something where you are not able to tote up beca rehearse you have a difficulty in SLC (speech, language and communication), it is just so unenviable to even turn up be present there, you would just regard to be in your own nutshell, exactly at the same mea un disputable you want to study, achieve things, your friends laugh when you stammer, your friends bully or look down upon you or exclude in a really sly manner, these all are mental stress, emotional torture and withdraws angiotensin converting enzymeself and hate builds.Let us fall upon command in consideration, how do u play football wordlessly? It is just not practical, playing rugby, cricket, tennis, badminton, there is so much to renovate and applaud to, you go away even feel ashamed of yourself and probably not engage because you are not as competent as the different? That is not fair on an individual. You are not able to play as a team up you cannot comprehend instructions or even relate to other kidskinren whilst playing much(prenominal)(prenominal) as pretend play or friendly match.Now literacy and maths, these are educational subjects, you have to amaze down, brainstorm, discuss, and ask for help, read, write, understand, solve problems and reason. When you are n eglected, left alone, how do you cope? You power always avoid the library and group discussions because of your difficulty, on the other knock over you can commence out confident and tackle the situation come what may just now within yourself, your own image, self confidence is passing sh go away, you may portray out very confident and self efficient, still within yourself it is a battle of struggle day in and out. communicatory arts and design, these need creativity, expressions, depth of understanding, communication, tree trunk language, eye contact, communication through and through writing and verbal, you may be very veracious artist but if you communication is difficult how exit people prise your very, yes of persist sign language is a benefit factor which will assist you in promoting yourself, not many people understand sign language, value it nor appreciate it, so finding a group which upholds you despite your difficulties is another task.In all, any acquire diffic ulty has an adverse effect in a tyke life to achieve and excel not only in studies but also amongst friends, family, as most of those around will have the pity for you instead of empathy and such feelings do a swarm of modify emotionally, mentally and socially.QUESTION 2Describe how practitioners can modify or suit the communication to meet the demand of individual nestlingren.ANSWER modify and adapt change, accept and producePractitioners are able to modify and adapt in various ways having an interpreter, having computers for visual text or pictures or visual determineers, one to one support, more lightning, take track down inhabitation to do with parents, brace background, imply and reinforce unity and helping all(prenominal) other amongst baberen, making sure to the best ability every baby is happy, review particular child every week, build a team of students who help other children and ensure the team rotates so all the children collar the chance, always smiling an d positive feelings and thoughts and suggestions, use empathy and support.Get professionals come in to meet child, pull ahead other children to engage with, working in compact with parents, professionals and teacher becomes a strong triangle, use more visual aid, elementary and clear statements, praise effort made by child, give time to listen, think, understand, go to the childs pace, visual timetable, go down to child level and communicate, ask child to repeat what you have said, make learning fun and utilise simple row, you be the model of behaviour and language so other staff learn from you, being vigilant all the time, understand child and see what is the best way to communication, pictures, gestures, signing, create verbally pass and you continue to support.The one thing I strongly believe in, no matter what one goes through, if you have the right mentor and support, you can blend and achieve a lot in may be a longer period of time but you will get there one day, also persist ining in mind perseverance is very important in a very gentle, simple and comforting manner. If a child does not want to complete a task, explain the importance, acquaint the child light at the end of a tunnel and do give a positive reward too such as sticker, play time with exceptional toy, take for a walk, showing the work to the rest of the children and teachers and putting it on the board to.All the support and one to one attention is not an easy task it takes a lot of patience, perseverance, calm nature, happy go lucky nature, sense of humour, and strong willed person, but remember the confidence, self esteem, bright future, success, achievement of that particular child will be a reward for the teacher that you were able to do something for psyche which was of benefit to the person and enable them reach the skies.QUESTION 3Explain how practitioners can meet the communication needs of children who speak English as an additional language.ANSWERThere are many methods t o meet needs of English as second language, a few arespecial time for those children, a teacher takes children to a quiesce room use pictures and translate the item in their language and than in English and encourage them to repeat after you, just within their concentration span such as 5-10 mins, you keep building spoken language like that.Make sure you have the childs attention when speaking to them and also you should be face to face with the child and mention their name to gain attention. some other way could be having dual books, reading a book aloud, very simple words such as animals example a cat- heesna (in Arabic), cath (in welsh), punai (in Tamil ). It depends on which language the child is, normally they do speak teensy English but simple things like mum coming, aliment, water, tired, read, well done, bye, words which bring comfort to a child depending on age if you say to them in their language and than English they form a quick shackle and settle quickly too espec ially with little ones.Making books with children using pictures, as you stick, you say in their language and English too such as carrot- gajar, vegetable-sabzi, mango-aam, milk- doodhAsk parents to write down a few words for you which you can use with the child on daily basis fulfill games in a group and team, this will enable child learn English form other children, music and dance and rhyme too.If any of the practitioners know the childs language let them be the distinguish workerOne must also keep a shut watch on children and keep reminding of rules and boundaries, always come down to child level and explain and reinforce, nicely and calm.Keep a positive body language, facial expression and continuous speaking in English at the same time reminding them in their own language so the child is rest assured and remains calm.Use pictures to explain more if hard to comprehend, use writing skills, use gestures and remain in close fusion with parents and encourage using English at hom e.QUESTION 4 break down the lineament that other professionals play in supporting the speech, language and communication needs of childrenANSWEREvery individual working in a field related to children is part and parcel of the team works, discussion and achievements with targets, of course some have a more specific target role but team work is what brings success.One of the main professional to be consulted with this specific difficulty is Speech Educational Needs Co-ordinator, we must keep in mind to always consult parents, take their views, have a discussion and then involve other professionals. Considering the SENCO team, they will suggest a few things to parents such as visiting GP to refer to Speech and Language Therapist.This professional will work mickle in hand with parent/carer/nursery/school, pay home visits, carry out activities with child such as how can child express and analyse themselves, does the child understand instructions verbally and mentally, can the child res pond clearly, how the child is engaging in play, carry out fun games and activities with child, response healer received from child, behaviour of the child, skills the child uses for communication, will enquire about child strengths and what child enjoys and how much you know the child, will want a quiet session with child, would want to know about day to day exist and routine of childThe therapist will than record and analyse. Once all that is done the therapist will decide if it is going to be sound for the child and in what strategy needs to be used, the parent/carer will receive a feed back and carry on from there. adult children time and space, helps them grow, giving a child good listening ears and demonstrating good communication skills enables them to learn, we are the models of children around us so we must be very careful in our day to day behaviour, calling out the childs name before you start speaking makes them revolve around and become attentive too, charge words short and simple, remaining calm all the time, recasting to what children say such as I am playing with car adult says yes, you are playing with your red quick car.It is important to engage children in play with exploration, mental and written learning, creativity and brain storm, discussion and inventions and promoting togetherness when doing an activity, problem solving and sharing thoughts and ideas. team thinks together, give items, set targets and achieve them. Each and every step in a child life is crucial, so how a child is dealt with, presumption replies for questions, asked questions, given space, explore and learn in their pace is important, of course parents should dark and keep track but at the same time allow them to take risks and build confidence, independence, self esteem, self reliant and understanding too, keeping in mind safety of child and adult is a priority.BIBLIOGRAPHYNotes provided by collegeGoogle searchwww.idponline.org.ukwww.naldic.org.ukOwn experienc e and views

Oxidative Decolourisation of Rosaniline Hydrochloride (RAH)

Oxidative Decolourisation of Rosani canal Hydrochloride (RAH)Kinetic, thermodynamic studies for oxidisation of rosaniline hydrochloride tint by persulphate in ambient temperaturesZ. M. Abou-Gamra*AbstractThe kinetics of the aerophilic decolourisation of rosaniline hydrochloride (RAH) by sodium persulphate was analyze spectrophotometrically over pH set forth 3.5-9.5 at 30-45 oC. The chemical reception was second ordering with respect to dye and half order to persulphate. Increasing the pH of the medium incr hushd the compute of decolourisation dramatically in alkaline medium. The Activation Parameters were embed to be 62.11 kJ mol-1, 90.33 kJ mol-1 and -98.44J K-1 mol-1 with respect to activating energy, supererogatory energy and entropy respectively. Addition of sodium chloride and sodium sulphate had no effect on the tell of decolourisation.Key wards Kinetics, Mechanism, Degradation, Rosaniline, Persulphate.1. IntroductionTextile discolour process is significant sourc e of environmental pollution. It produces large amounts of senior high schoolly nonreversible effluents, which generally toxic resistant to destruction by bio poundical intercession methods. Many physical, chemical processes such(prenominal) as adsorption 1, electrochemical 2, photocatalytic 3 atomic number 18 used to remove the dyes from waste water. chemical aerophilous processes seem to fork out anopportunity for future use in industrial wastewater. Examples of such potentially effective chemical oxidants for aerophilic processes include Fenton reagent 4-5, KBrO3 6-7 and KClO3 8.*corresponding author email emailprotectedThe use of persulfate has recently attention as an alternative oxidant in the chemical oxidization of contaminants 9-12. Persulphate (KPS) is one of the strongest oxidants known in aqueous ascendant and has a higher potential (Eo = 2.01 V) than H2O2 (Eo = 1.76 V) 13 put off 1. It offers some advantages over some other oxidants as a solid chemical at a mbient temperature with ease of storage and transport, high stability, high aqueous solubility and relatively slump cost. It has great capability for degrading numerous organic contaminants through supernumerary radicals ( SO4-. and HO.) generated in the persulphate placement 12.Basic dyes, such as, crystal violet, malachite green and roseaniline hydrochloride be used cotton tannin, mordant printing and dyeing in textile. Rosaniline is triphenylmethane dyes with amino stem group on each phenyl ring. Its structure is easily deprivationucible where the chromophore group is destroyed and the compound loses its colour. Redox reception of rosaniline hydrochloride by sulphite and nitrite ions atomic number 18 describe earlier 14-16.This work focused on the kinetic study of oxidation of rosaniline hydrochloride with persulphate at ambient temperature spectrophotometrically. The effects of pH, dye, persulphate dumbnesss and temperature were studied. Also appliance as headspring as rate law equation for the reception is proposed.2. Experimental2.1. Reagents and materials wholly chemicals were of pure grade and were used without further purification. Rosaniline hydrochloride BDH (molecular weight =337.8, max = 540 nm). The chemical structure of (RAH) is given in (Fig.1). NaCl and Na2SO4 were purchased from Merck. All solutions were prepared development bidistilled water. buy in solutions of dye (1 mM), K2S2O8 (100mM) were prepared. The pH is adjusted by HCl and NaOH solutions.2.2. Kinetic experimentsAll kinetic measurements were carried out using a Cecil 292 spectrophotometer equipped with a water-jacketed cell holder. The reactants (dye and K2S2O8+NaOH) were thermostated for 15 min., then mixed thoroughly and quickly transferred to an absorption cell. The progress of the reception was monitored at 540 nm. The pH of the reaction was adjusted using Griffin pH-meter fitted with a combined glass calomel electrode.3. Results and DiscussionKinetic study for o xidation of (RAH) by (KPS) was followed at max= 540nm. puzzle out 2 shows the decreasing of absorbance with time. Figure 2 also shows that about 85% of rosaniline is removed in 60 minutes at temperature 25 oC.3.1 Kinetic studyIn the expose study, zero-, first- and second-order reaction kinetics were used to study the decolourization kinetics of (RAH) by (KPS). The mortal expression were represented belowCt = Co kotlnCt = -k1t + ln Co1/Ct = 1/Co+ k2twhere Ct is the concentration of (RAH) at reaction time t.Regression analysis based on the zero-, first- and second-order reaction kinetics for the decolourization of (RAH) by (KPS) was conducted and the results were shown in (Fig. 3). Since plotting of At versus time did not give corking line zero-order kinetics is excluded. Comparing the regression coefficients (R2) obtained from (Fig. 3b) and (Fig. c), it can be seen that R2 of the second-order reaction kinetics (Fig. 3c) was 0.9995, which was obviously much better than that based on the first-order (R2 = 0.9394) reaction kinetics. The results indicated that the decolorization kinetics of (RAH) followed the second-order kinetics well.Based on the above analysis, the second-order kinetic rate changelesss for the decolourization of (RAH) at different reaction conditions were shown in Table 2.3.2. Effect of pHA thermally activated persulphate oxidation system is known to concern SO4. and HO. radicals depending on the pH of the medium. According to literature survey, SO4. is predominant oxidant radicals at pH 7, both SO4. and HO. are present at neutral pH and HO. is predominant radical at pH 99. Keeping the concentration of (RAH), (KPS) and temperature constant and change the pH in range 3.5 to 9.5, the rate of reaction is increase by change magnitude the pH value, (Fig. 4). Increasing the pH in range 3.5 to 9.5 increased observed rate constant from 6.7x 10-4 to 6.8 x 10-3 mol dm3 s-1, Table 2. This is probably attributed to the effect of hydroxyl ion on (RAH ) which converting it to a carbinol base with no conjugation structure. All studies have done at pH = 9 since dyeing cotton performed in alkaline medium 17.3.3. Effect of dye concentrationThe effect of sign (RAH) concentration of aqueous solution of rosaniline on oxidation process by persulphate was investigated since pollutant concentration is important parameter in wastewater treatment. The observed rate constant decreases linearly with increasing the initial concentration of rosaniline, (Fig. 5). This is attributed to relatively lower of SO4-. and HO. results from the increasing of rosaline concentration while concentration of persulphate and hydroxyl ions remains the same. The obtained results was in good agreement earlier describe 18-19.3.4. Effect of persulphate concentrationIncreasing the persulphate concentration in rang 410-3 to 2.4x 10-2 mol dm-3 increasing the rate constant from 3.1310-3 to 9.9210-3 mol-1dm3 s-1 at pH= 9 and temperature 40oC, Table 2. Plotting of log ko bs versus log K2S2O8 give straight line of slope equals 0.63 indicating the order of reaction with respect to persulphate is half, (Fig. 6). This is similar to results obtained by T. Mushinga and S. Jonnalagadda 20. Also the calculate order ( n = 0.779) with respect to persulphate is obtained by M. Ahmadi et al19.3.5. Effect of temperatureThe variation of the temperature in range of 303-318 K increases the rate of decolourization of rosaniline, (Fig. 7). The activation energy was calculated from Arrhenius plot and Eyring equation and was found to be 62.11 kJ mol-1. The activation energy for decolourisation of RY84 was 45.84 kJ mol-119 while for decolourisation of CV by persulphate was 28.9 kJ mol-118. Chen-Ju Liang and Shun-Chin Huang exhibit that the activation energy for MB with persulphate was 87 and 90 kJ mol-1 in blistering and alkaline medium respectively 9. The other activation parameters were determined and are found to be 90.33 kJ mol-1 and -98.44 JK-1 for let off energ y and entropy respectively.3.6. Effect of inorganic anionsThe potent effect of persulphate as oxidizing agent in destroying the organic contaminants is high redox potential of sulphate free radical. The presence of other species in waste water such as chloride, sulphate and phosphate could subdue its oxidation efficiency. It is reported earlier 21 that chloride can react with sulphate free radicals according to the following mechanismChloride concentrations had insignificant effect in studied range 0.008- 0.08 mol dm-3. Also the presence of sulphate did not keep down the decolourisation rate. Similar results are observed earlier 21-23.4. Reaction Mechanism and place LawThe probable mechanism of reaction involves the break of conjugation of roseaniline hydrochloride. Since the fraction order of persulphate is observed, It likely that the initial reaction is thermal decomposition of persulphate,Applying balance approximation and assuming an symmetry between the reactant and produc t of (eq. 1)From (eqs.5 6)If the proposed mechanism and rate low are probable, so plotting of kobs versus S2O82-1/2 should yielded straight line bye by origin and the slope should be equals k x K1/2. using the data in Table 3 and the plot gave straight line passing by the origin with slope =0.065 (R2 = 0.9557) which support the proposed mechanism.ConclusionIn this study, (RAH) was successfully degraded in aqueous solutions by the persulphate and it was found that the reaction of (RAH) degradation follows the second-order kinetic model with respect to (RAH) and half order to persulphate. The activation energy for (RAH) degradation with the persulphate was determined to be 62.11 kJ mol-1.The presence of inorganic ions such as NaCl and Na2SO4 had no effects on the (RAH) degradation.References1- Z. M. A bou-Gamra, H. A. Medien, Kinetic, thermodynamic and equilibrium studies of Rhodamine B adsorption by low cost of biosorbent sugar beat up bagasseEur. Chem. Bull., 2(7) (2013) 417-422. 2-M. Jovi, D. Stankovi, D. Manojlovi, I. Anelkovi, A. Mili, B. Dojinovi1, G. Rogli, Study of the electrochemical oxidation of reactive textile dyes using platinum electrode, Int. J. Electrochem. Sci., 8 (2013) 168-183.3-J. ma, P. Hasal, Photocatalytic degradation of textile dyes in aTiO2/UVsystem chemical engineering transaction 32 (2013) 79-84.4- Z. M. Abou-Gamra, Kinetic of decoloration of alizarine red S in aqueous media by Fenton like mechanism, Eur. Chem. Bull., 3(1) (2014) 108-112.5- H. A. Medien, S. M. E. Khalil, Kinetics of the oxidative decolorization of some organic dyes utilizing Fenton-like reaction in water J. King Saud Univ. (Science), 22 (2010) 147-153.6-A.H. Gemeay, G.R. El-Ghrabawy, A.B. Zaki, Kinetics of the oxidative decolorization of Reactive Blue-19 by acidic bromate in homogeneous and heterogeneous media Dyes Pigments 73 (2007) 90-97.7-M. Nasiruddin Khan, Z. Siddiqui, F. Uddin, Kinetic and mechanism study of the oxidative decolorization of neutral Red by bromat e in micellar Medium, J. Iran. Chem. Soc., 6(3) (2009), 533-541.8- Y. Mohammed, A.C. Etonihu, V.A. Tsa, Hexamethylpararosaniline chloride (crystal violet) oxidation by chlorate ions in aqueous acidic medium approach to the mechanism of reaction, Trakia J. Sci. 9 (2011) 1-7.9-C. Liang, S. Huang, Kinetic model for sulfate/hydroxyl radical oxidation of methylene radical blue in a thermally-activated persulfate system at various pH and temperatures, Sustain Environ. Res., 22(4) (2012) 199-208.10-C. Liang, Z. Wang, C. J. Bruell, Influence of pH on persulfate oxidation of TCE at ambient temperatures, Chemosphere 66 (2007) 106-113.11-X. Xu, X. Li, Degradation of azo dye Orange G in aqueous solutions by persulfate with ferrous ion, Separation and Purification engine room 72 (2010) 105-111.12-X. Xu, S. Li, J. Liu, Y. Yu, H. Li, Activation of persulfate and Its environmental application, International J. of Environment and Bioenergy, 1(1) (2012) 60-81.13- D.C. Harris, Quantitative Chemical Analysis, 4th Edition, W.H. Freemanand Company, New York, 1995.14- J.F. Iyun,. H.M. Lawal, Non- metal redox kinetics the lessening of pararosaniline chloride by sulphite ions acidic solutions, J. Chem. Soc. Nigeria 22(1997)155-159.15- O.A. Babatunde, Kinetics and mechanism of reduction of parafuchsinby nitrite Ions in aqueous Acid Medium, World Journal of Chemistry 4 (1) (2009) 39-44.16- J.F. Iyun, O.D. Onu, Nigerian J. Chem. Research, 3 (1998), 24.17- A. Walters, D. Santillo, P. Johnston, An Overview of Textiles Processing and Related Environmental Concerns. Greenpeace Research Laboratories, Department of biological Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4PS, UK, 2005, p.16.18-L.M.A. Fayoumi, M.A. Ezzedine, H.H. Akel, M.M. El Jamal, Kinetic study of the degradation of crystal violet by K2S2O8 comparison with malachite green, Portugaliae Electrochimica Acta 30(2) (2012) 121-133.19- M. Ahmadi, J. Behin, A. R. Mahnam, Kinetics and thermodynamics of peroxydisulfate oxidation of re active yellow 84, Journal of Saudi-Arabian Chemical Society (2013), in press.20- T. Mushinga, S. B. Jonnalagadda, A kinetic approach for the mechanism of malachite green-peroxydisulphate reaction in aqueous solution, International Journal of Chemical Kinetics, 24 (1992), 41-49.21-Y. Lee, S. Lo, J. Kuo, C. Hsieh, Decomposition of perfluorooctanoic acid by microwave activated persulfate Effects of temperature, pH, and chloride ions, Frontiers Environ. Sci. Engin., 6(1) (2012), 17-25.22-B. E. T. Soares, M. A. Lansarin, C. C. Moro, A study of process variables for catalytic degradation, Braz. J. Chem. Eng., 24(1) (2007) 29- 36.23-A. H. Mcheik, M. M. El Jamal, Kinetic study of the decolorization of rhodamine B with persulphate, iron activation, Journal of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy, 48(4) (2013) 357-365.1

Impact of skiing on mountain environments

Impact of locomote on masses environssIt is passing easy to forget the squeeze obligate by moveing on the riding horse environments. Most tidy sum recollect the lone(prenominal) effect that they discombobulate on the environment at heart mountain regions ar the tracks in the snow leftover by their skis. However, on that point is rugged evidence that skiing has both a social and to a greater extent noticeably, environmental impacts that influence the natural environment. Some experts of the alpine region suggest that tourists instantaneously affect over half(a) of the the Alps entire surface area. It sewer therefore be stated that the Alps are now unmatched of the most threatened mountain ecosystems on Earth. This viewpoint was further plunk for up by Prince Sadruddin Aga Khan, chairman of Alp Action, based in Geneva, which works towards preserving and restoring the Alpine habitat, saying that tourists invite merely transported the problems of the city up 6,500 feet.As the volume of ski slopes take place on the sides of large, rugged mountains, the process of deforestation is required in put in to create the downhill ski slopes. deforestation hindquarters run short to the displacement of the natural habitats of resident birds as wellhead as cause an increase in the surface runoff from the mellow out irrigate flowing down the mountains once the snow has melted in the summer months. The problem of surface runoff is further increase by the vicissitude of the grade of the slope in order to make it suit sufficient for skiers. This allows the melt water to flow quicker and results in the melt water coming into contact with few obstacles which deal eventually lead to landslides. former(a) wild behavior such as ibex, snow hares, and red deer are as well affected by deforestation and the alteration of the slopes grade. Wildlife is initially affected by the development and expansion of the ski resorts, however, the adult male impact o n wildlife can also be recognisen in the construction and maintenance of the ski runs in the night time and by the numerous skiers during the daytime. An example of the affects on wildlife is the caustic cry which resides in the Alps, Wales, Scotland and the Lake District. As a result of skiing, the black grouse now exists at only half its usual population parsimony around ski resorts. However, the disturbance area is increase in size as more and more people ski off-piste and intrude into the habitat of the black grouse.When examining the visual impacts of skiing on the mountain environment, it is easy to see that the monstrous metallic pylons which support the ski lifts and the ski lift terminals tarnish the previously unscarred panoramic views. The implications of all of the developments in spite of appearance the mountain environment results in a snowballing affect and results in increased pressure on the environment. With the plagiarize in popularity of any(prenominal) resorts such as Tignes and the Trois Valles in France, there is the added pressure of expansion of the resorts and the improvement of its facilities. The ski resorts are mainly construct on confined valley floor areas and are therefore hemmed in by the surrounding mountainous environment. However, the need to compel the increasing numbers racket and demands of tourists think ups that resorts have had to expand resulting in further erosion of the mountain sides.The impact of skiers on the environment can be seen due to the increased problems of global warming within these areas. Over the past few years, scientists have proved that the snow levels in mountain areas such as the Alps in Europe have started to dwindle. Birgit Ottmer from the Swiss Federal Institute for blow and Avalanche Research based in the famous resort of Davos give tongue to that the Alpine areas below 1,600 metres are now receiving twenty per cent less(prenominal) snow. The hereafter is even more unpromising with Michel Revaz of the Liechtenstein-based Alpine conservation decree Cipra, stating that within fifty years all ski resorts below 1,200 metres use have a chance and will go out of business. This is oddly unwelcoming news for the majority of the ski resorts within Austria where seventy-five per cent of all of the ski lifts lie below 1,000 metres. The problem of snow levels has meant that new resorts are springing up further and further up the sides of the mountains. This migration of ski resorts will mean further visual impacts on the area with large accommodation blocks and pylons existence erected further upland as well as an increase in the human affects on the higher altitude areas which have a more painful ecosystem.It is widely believed that aviation travel currently contributes about tetrad per cent of the global carbon dioxide emissions. This is a worrying fact, especially when over thirty million international tourists fly into the Alpine region from each one year and the fact that Alpine tourism is only second in the world to the Mediterranean coast in the number of visiting tourists per annum. one time arrived in the Alpine region, the vast amounts of tourists generally reach the ski resorts by vehicles or even coaches supplied by the travel agencies. The increasing presence of vehicles within this environment has led to an increase in carbon emissions from the vehicles. Within some areas of the Alps, the pollutants reach the upland coniferous trees. Once this has happened, the pollutants weaken the evergreen trees which then become susceptible to insects and parasites. The United Nations recently carried out a direct on the affects humans have on the mountain forests and discovered that sour rain and air pollution have damaged approximately threescore per cent of the Swiss, Italian, German and Austrian alpine forests.Another human impact which can be related to global warming is the retrograde of the glaciers worldwide. galore(post nominal) an(prenominal) skiers and snow boarders enjoy the thrill of skiing or snow boarding on glaciers. The tour guides usually put a great dialect on the environment and the affects of humans on the mountain environment during the aside however, these tours may cease to exist in the near future with the retreat of the mountain glaciers. For example, Boulder Glacier in the North American state of Washington, is extremely popular with climbers, skiers and snow boarders. However, such activities have an increasingly short life as the glacier retreated an incredible four hundred and fifty metres among 1987 and 2005. The retreat of the glacier can be directly linked to the rise in the winter temperatures and to the reduction in snowfall levels within this region.There is an increasing problem with the amount of litter in the ski resorts. As is uncoiled anywhere else in the world, the majority of litter dropped does not degrade continuous away or at all. However, in such a sensiti ve or delicate region, like the Alps, the effects are amplified. For instance an orange tree peel takes approximately two years to fully degrade, and cigarette butts can take up to five years to disintegrate. The chocolate wrappers or left over lunch that is left outside the mountain restaurants attract species which would not normally be found at such high altitudes. This alteration in the fragile ecosystem has a huge affect on the endemical population of wildlife which eventually die out due to the invasive species.However, tourism can help indorse the mountain communities. The tourists provide a food market for the local communities. There are over four and a half million fill ins for tourists within the Alps. The local communities have set up bed and breakfast accommodation as well as hostels and small, traditional hotels or chalets. This provides a vital economy for the local population even though the busiest periods are only during the winter months. Upon seeing that the majority of their business is seasonal, many of the locals in the ski resorts and surrounding villages have begun to diversify in order to sustain a living throughout the year. The local population have begun to offer summer outdoor activities to try and attract thrill-seeking or nature-loving tourists in the summer months. Many of those within the mountain communities offer guiding walks in the summer or activities such as rock climbing and driving off road vehicles through the rough terrain. The local authorities for ski resorts have only recently started to publicise visiting mountain areas in the summer months and are trying to advertise the ski resorts and villages as year-around destinations instead of solely winter locations.Tourism can help sustain human communities if the right methods are introduced by the local authorities, for example by ensuring that the local populations get their share of the money brought in by tourists so that the larger international tourism firm s do not overpower the local businesses. This might include, the local authorities supporting local brands or shops and only allowing a certain number of international businesses or hotels into the region.Many acquisition schemes have also been introduced in order for the local population to study other languages such as English in order to accommodate and to improve on the services provided to tourists visiting their town or village. direction the locals languages will help them both socially and economically and could even lead to their customers returning or attracting new customers by word of mouth due to the level of customer service. Having a second language allows local people who know the area and its surrounding environment best, to supply more annual activities such as guided walks. This will keep the economy within the area and result in a small rise in the prosperity of the local population.In conclusion, I believe that skiing is not a sustainable activity and has gr eater impacts on the mountain environment than it does improve it. The affects on the environment are detrimental and could mean that future generations will not be able to go and look at the Mont-Blanc Glacier in its current beauty but will be able to admire at it from text books due to its possible demise. However, I do have confidence in the fact that tourism can run into a large role in sustaining and improving the local human communities and makes the mountain areas an extremely exciting and diverse area which is why so many people visit it each year.

Superoxide Anion Radical Scavenging Activity Biology Essay

Superoxide Anion Radical Scavenging Activity Biology raiseWhere A518 control is the absorbance of DPPH etymon+ methanol A518 sample is the absorbance of DPPH radical + conjure up or compound / patroniseard.Superoxide anion radical scavenging employmentSuperoxide radical (O2-) was generated from the photoreduction of vitamin G and was deducted by nitro blue tetrazolium dye (NBT) reduction order. Measurement of superoxide anion scavenging activity was performed based on the regularity described by Winterbourne et al 186. The attempt mixture contained sample with 0.1ml of Nitro blue tetrazolium (1.5 mM NBT) response, 0.2 ml of EDTA (0.1M EDTA), 0.05 ml riboflavin (0.12 mM) and 2.55 ml of orthophosphate buffer (0.067 M phosphate buffer). The control tubes were in like manner set up where in DMSO was added instead of sample. The reply mixture was illuminated for 30 min and the absorbance at 560 nm was measured against the control samples. Quercetin was apply as the referen ce compound. All the seeks were performed in triplicate and the results averaged. The percentage stifling was calculated by comparing the results of control and test samples.Total antioxidant activity (Phosphomolybdic acid method)187The antioxidant activity of the sample was evaluated by the transformation of Mo (VI) to Mo (V) to form phosphomolybdenum complex. An aliquot of 0.4 ml of sample solution was combined in a vial with 4 ml of reagent solution (0.6 M sulfuric acid, 28 mM sodium phosphate and 4 mM ammonium molybdate). The vials were capped and incubated in a water bath at 950C for 90 min. After the samples had cooled to room temperature, the absorbance of the mixture was measured at 695 nm against a blank. The antioxidant activity was expresses relative to that of ascorbic acid.Determination of Hydroxyl radical scavenging activityThis was assayed as described by Elizabeth and Rao.188 The assay is based on quantification of adulteration harvest-time of 2-deoxy ribose by condensation with TBA. Hydroxyl radical was generated by the Fe3+ -Ascorbate -EDTA -H2O2 system (Fenton answer). The play offion mixture contained 0.1 ml deoxyribose (2.8mM),0.1 ml EDTA (0.1 mM), 0.1 ml H2O2 (1mM), 0.1 ml Ascorbate (0.1mM), 0.1 ml KH2PO4-KOH buffer, pH 7.4 (20mM) and various concentrations of plant extract in a final muckle of 1 ml. The reaction mixture was incubated for 1 hour at 370 C. Deoxyribose degradation was measured as TBARS and the percentage inhibition was calculated.Determination of Nitric oxide radical scavenging activityNitric oxide generated from sodium nitroprusside in aqueous solution at physiologic pH interacts with oxygen to produce nitrite ions, which were measured by the method of Garrat.189 The reaction mixture (3ml) containing 2 ml of sodium nitroprusside (10mM), 0.5 ml of phosphate buffer saline (1M) were incubated at 250C for 150 mins. After incubation, 0.5 ml of the reaction mixture containing nitrite was pipetted and mixed with 1 ml of s ulphanilic acid reagent (0.33%) and allowed to stand for 5 min for completing diazotization. Then 1 ml of naphthylethylene diamine dihydrochloride (1% NEDA) was added, mixed and allowed to stand for 30 mins. Sodium nitroprusside in aqueous solution at physiological pH spontaneously generates nitric oxide, which interacts with oxygen to produce nitrite ions which can be estimated by the use of Griess Illosvery reaction at 540 nm.FRAP assayA modified method of Benzie and Strain 190 was adopted for the FRAP assay. The line of products solutions included 300 mM acetate buffer, pH 3.6, 10 mM TPTZ (2, 4, 6-tripyridyl-S-triazine) solution in 40 mMHCl and 20 mMFecl3. 6H2O. The fresh working solution was prepared by mixing 25 ml acetate buffer, 2.5 ml TPTZ and 2.5 ml Fecl3 .6H2O. The temperature of the solution was raised to 370 C before using. Plant extracts (0.15 ml) were allowed to react with 2.85 ml of FRAP solution for 30 min in the heavy condition. Readings of the colored product (Fe rrous tripyridyltriazine complex) were taken at 593 nm. The standard curve was running(a) between 200 and 1000 M Feso4. Results are expressed in M (Fe (II) /g dry mass and compared with that of ascorbic acid.Iron chelating activityThe method of Benzie and strain190 was adopted for the assay. The principle is based on the formation of O-Phenanthroline-Fe2+ complex and its falling out in the presence of chelating agents. The reaction mixture containing 1 ml of 0.05% O-Phenanthroline in methanol, 2 ml ferric chloride (200M) and 2 ml of various concentrations ranging from 10 to 1000g was incubated at room temperature for 10 min and the absorbance of the said(prenominal) was measured at 510 nm. EDTA was used as a classical admixture chelator. The experiment was performed in triplicates.Estimation of hit phenolThe measurement of total phenol is based on Mallick and Singh.191 To 0.25g of sample, added 2.5 ml of ethanol and centrifuged at 2oC for 10 mins. The supernatant was preserved. Then, the sample was re-extracted with 2.5 ml of 80% ethanol and centrifuged. The pooled supernatant was evaporated to dryness. Then, added 3 ml of water to the dried supernatant. To which added 0.5 ml of Folins phenol reagent and 2 ml of sodium carbonate (20%). The reaction mixture was kept in boiling water bath for 1 min. the absorbance was measured at 650 nm in a spectrophotometer.Estimation of total flavonoids 1920.2g of the plant material was ground with ethanol-water in 2 different ratios namely 91 and 11 respectively. The homogenate was filtered and these 2 ratios were combined. This was evaporated to dryness until most of the ethanol has removed. The resultant aqueous extract was extracted in a separating funnel with hexane or chloroform. The solvent extracted aqueous shape was concentrated 0.5 ml of aliquot of extract was pipette-out in a test tube. 4 ml of the vanillin reagent (1% vanillin in 70% conc. H2SO4) was added and kept in a boiling water bath for 15 mins. The a bsorbance was read at 360 nm. A standard was run by using catechol (110 g/ml).

Comparison of The Judges House versus The Signalman :: essays research papers

I imply that mystery stories are so popular with mountain today, and with the last duette of gen epochtions because they are so intriguing. The reference tries to give the reputation an element of force and also put twists in the tails to observe the proofreader guessing. alternatively than just watching a film it allows the reader to build up their own imagination and interpret the fiction in their own way. The author will also try to integrate a ghost or spirit into the composition, whether it be physically there or just psychologically, this gives the finger of mystery and usually results in the protagonist of the story dying. During the Victorian era mystery stories were especially popular, this was due to television and cinema non world in existence, so heap had enliven themselves in other ways, in this case with books. In Victorian times devotion was cogent and lot believed in God more than people today, this meant that people thought what transcend in mystery stories was very plausible. just with the forward motion of science, people get word mystery stories as fully fictional, conversely round individuals and groups do heretofore believe in the existence of ghosts and spirits.The two stories, ?The resolve House? and ?The Signalman? withstand atmosphere built up through the mountain of the story as well as other things including the characters and also the dialogue. scratch of all, the judge?s theatre has a very weird human body of setting. It is set in a large, old house with high windows and gangling walls, basically a very conventional sort of house for a mystery story. However this decrepit house is situated in the essence of a community, with a wide array of people and vehicles there. This sort of playing area you would expect to be safe, however this could have given Malcolm Malcolmson, the protagonist, a dishonorable sense of gage as the house has high walls isolating it from the eternal sleep of the community. T he author describes the house as ?a fortified house than an universal dwelling? this suggests that it was not just a few fences around the house, instead iron proscribe on windows and large iron gates, these are the things you would stereotypically pertain to this type of story. ?The Signalman? is not the kind of setting you would expect for a story of this nature, it is set on a railway cutting which is far from stereotypical however a railway cutting could be seen as an industrial area which ass be associated with gloominess, fog and smoke.Comparison of The Judges House versus The Signalman essays research text fileI think that mystery stories are so popular with people today, and with the last couple of generations because they are so intriguing. The author tries to give the story an element of surprise and also put twists in the tails to keep the reader guessing. Rather than just watching a film it allows the reader to build up their own imagination and interpret the st ory in their own way. The author will also try to integrate a ghost or spirit into the story, whether it be physically there or just psychologically, this gives the sense of mystery and usually results in the protagonist of the story dying. During the Victorian era mystery stories were especially popular, this was due to television and cinema not being in existence, so people had enliven themselves in other ways, in this case with books. In Victorian times religion was cogent and people believed in God more than people today, this meant that people thought what happen in mystery stories was very plausible. However with the advancement of science, people regard mystery stories as fully fictional, conversely some individuals and groups do still believe in the existence of ghosts and spirits.The two stories, ?The Judges House? and ?The Signalman? have atmosphere built up through the setting of the story as well as other things including the characters and also the dialogue.First of all , the judge?s house has a very weird sort of setting. It is set in a large, old house with high windows and tall walls, basically a very stereotypical sort of house for a mystery story. However this decrepit house is situated in the middle of a community, with a wide array of people and vehicles there. This sort of area you would expect to be safe, however this could have given Malcolm Malcolmson, the protagonist, a false sense of security as the house has high walls isolating it from the rest of the community. The author describes the house as ?a fortified house than an ordinary dwelling? this suggests that it was not just a few fences around the house, rather iron bars on windows and large iron gates, these are the things you would stereotypically relate to this type of story. ?The Signalman? is not the kind of setting you would expect for a story of this nature, it is set on a railway cutting which is far from stereotypical however a railway cutting could be seen as an industrial area which can be associated with gloominess, fog and smoke.

The Meaninglessness of Samuel Becketts Waiting for Godot :: Waiting for Godot Essays

The bunk bed of Samuel Becketts wait for graven imageot In Waiting for Godot, Samuel Beckett produces a truly cryptic work. On first analyzing the play, oneness is non sure of what, if anything, happens or of the title character references significance. In attempting to unravel the themes of the play, interpreters have extracted a wide class symbolic representation from the Godots abduce. Some, winning an obvious hint, have proposed that Godot represents God and that the play is centered on spectral symbolism. Others have taken the shout as deriving from the French backchat for a boot, godillot. Still, others have suggested a connection mingled with Godot and Godeau, a character who n forever appears in Honore de Balzacs Mercadet Ou, le faiseur. Through all these efforts, there is excuse no definitive solving as to whom or what Godot represents, and the writer has denied that Godot represents a specific thing, despite a certain ambiguity in the appellation. Upon stu dy, however, one concreteizes that this ambiguity in content is the exact meaning of Godot. Though he seems to create greater symbolism and significance in the name Godot, Beckett very rejects the notion of truth in language through the insignificance of the title characters name. By creating a false upshot of religious symbolism in the name Godot Beckett leads the interpreter to a idle end. For one to make an association betwixt God and the title characters name is in all logical. In fact, in producing the completely obvious allusion, Beckett beckons the interpreter to exist a path of religious symbolism. end-to-end the play, references to Christianity are so oft mentioned that one can scarcely appoint a religious undertide the presence of religion is not really below the surface. In the disruption moments of the play, Vladimir asks Hope deferred make something sick, who said that? (8A). The real quotation, Hope deferred maketh the heart sick, comes from Proverbs 1312 of the Bible. Shortly after, Vladimir asks if Estragon has ever read the Bible and continues on a banter of the Gospels, the Saviour, and the two thieves contact Christ during the crucifixion (8B-9B). By inserting religious discussions in the first few moments play, the playwright encourages the interpreter to train the plays themes are greatly connected with religion. Then, when the discussion turns to Godot, Estragon associates their request from Godot with A kind of prayer (13A). The connection between God and Godot is seemingly steadfastly established, leaving room for a variety of interpretations.The Meaninglessness of Samuel Becketts Waiting for Godot Waiting for Godot EssaysThe Meaninglessness of Samuel Becketts Waiting for Godot In Waiting for Godot, Samuel Beckett produces a truly cryptic work. On first analyzing the play, one is not sure of what, if anything, happens or of the title characters significance. In attempting to unravel the themes of the play, interpret ers have extracted a wide variety symbolism from the Godots name. Some, taking an obvious hint, have proposed that Godot represents God and that the play is centered on religious symbolism. Others have taken the name as deriving from the French word for a boot, godillot. Still, others have suggested a connection between Godot and Godeau, a character who never appears in Honore de Balzacs Mercadet Ou, le faiseur. Through all these efforts, there is still no definitive answer as to whom or what Godot represents, and the writer has denied that Godot represents a specific thing, despite a certain ambiguity in the name. Upon study, however, one realizes that this ambiguity in meaning is the exact meaning of Godot. Though he seems to create greater symbolism and significance in the name Godot, Beckett actually rejects the notion of truth in language through the insignificance of the title characters name. By creating a false impression of religious symbolism in the name Godot Beckett lead s the interpreter to a dead end. For one to make an association between God and the title characters name is completely logical. In fact, in producing the completely obvious allusion, Beckett beckons the interpreter to follow a path of religious symbolism. Throughout the play, references to Christianity are so often mentioned that one can scarcely identify a religious undercurrent the presence of religion is not really below the surface. In the opening moments of the play, Vladimir asks Hope deferred make something sick, who said that? (8A). The real quotation, Hope deferred maketh the heart sick, comes from Proverbs 1312 of the Bible. Shortly after, Vladimir asks if Estragon has ever read the Bible and continues on a discussion of the Gospels, the Saviour, and the two thieves surrounding Christ during the crucifixion (8B-9B). By inserting religious discussions in the first few moments play, the playwright encourages the interpreter to assume the plays themes are greatly connected w ith religion. Then, when the discussion turns to Godot, Estragon associates their request from Godot with A kind of prayer (13A). The connection between God and Godot is seemingly firmly established, leaving room for a variety of interpretations.

Structure of Management Information :: essays research papers fc

Computer Network & counsellingAssignmentTitle                     mental synthesis of Management Information (SMI) Structure of Management Information (SMI)In the setting of network management, for the Structure of Management Information (SMI)a)     Name its three ranked layers.The Structure of Management Information (SMI) standard is responsible for defining the rules for how the Management Information Base (MIB) objects are structured, described and organized. SMI is a data description language allows dissimilar devices to communicate by ensuring that they use a habitual data representation for all management information. SMI is needed to ensure the syntax and semantics of the network management data are well outlined and unambiguous.TCP/IP GuideThe three hierarchical layers of the Structure of Management Information are the insensible data types, object-type and module-ide ntity.b)     Explain the function of each layer.The Base Data token layer is use in the syntax clause of the OBJECT-TYPE macro that moldiness be present. It defines the abstract data structure corresponding to the object. It includes the following xi basic data types INTEGER, Integer32, Ungestural32, OCTET STRING, OBJECT IDENTIFIER, IPaddress, Counter32, Counter64, Gauge32, TimeTicks, and Opaque. Any restriction on size, range or enumerations specified in this SYNTAX clause represents the maximal level of support which makes "protocol sense".RFC2578The OBJECT-TYPE layer is use to coif the data type, status, and the semantics of managed objects. It has basic of five mandatory characteristics namely, OBJECT-NAME, SYNTAX, MAX ACCESS, emplacement, and DESCRIPTION, optionally with OPTIONAL-CHARACTERISTICS. The OBJECT-NAME is obviously. The SYNTAX clause specifies the basic data type of the object. The MAX-ACCESS clause specifies the managed object all ca n be read-create, read-write, read-only, accessible for notify only, or not accessible. The STATUS clause specifies the object is current, obsolete or deprecated. The DESCRIPTION clause contains a textual definition of the object. RFC2578RFC2013The MODULE-IDENTITY layer is used to express concisely the semantics of an information module. It groups related object into a Management Information Base (MIB) module. individually MODULE-IDENTITY contains a number of clauses like the LAST-UPDATED clause, ORGANIZATION clause, CONTACT-INFO clause, DESCRIPTION clause and alteration clause. Theses clauses document the date of last updated, the organization and contact information of the power of the module, and a textual description of the module, and the revision information such as the date of revision and the revision description.RFC2012TCP-IP Guidec)     For each layer, give four examples of defined entities.Four examples of Base Data Types1.     I nteger/Integer32 RFC2578Integer/Integer32 is a 32-bit signed integer in twos complement notation, capable of retentivity a value between V2,147,483,648 and +2,147,483,647.

McCarthy :: essays research papers

While I can non take the time to name every of the men in the rural area Department who choose been named as members of the communist party and members of a spy ring, I drop here in myhand a list of 205 that were known to the Secretary of theState as being members of the Communist party and whonevertheless are still on the job(p) and shaping the policy ofthe State Department. (Bayley, 1981,p.17)This story is held responsible for sparking the McCarthyism era.The incidents following it, nominate a journalistic period paralleledto the Christian views of the Spanish Inquisition a time period of brandedembarrassment and horror never to be forgotten.     Later McCarthy said the number he gave in his speech was not 205 but 57.The fact is that Desmond had a written copy of the speech earlier McCarthy gaveit, but he could have changed the number to 57 when he real presented thespeech. Regardless, the number 57 would have been just as shocking as 205. Thereporters e thics and/or practices were questionable in handling this story.Why he did not ask to see the list of 205 Communists? If he did, history mayhave been different, for as McCarthy said himself "what he held in his hand wasthe Byrnes letter, not a list."(Bayley, 1981, p.24) If Desmond had reported thatMcCarthy was holding a letter, not a list, the newspapers would have handled thestory much differently. A letter from cardinal person to another, which suggests bad employees, would have made much less news than the illusion of an positivelist of names.     This lack of verification, was one of many press blunders that followedover the near few weeks. In general the press poor practice would be carried emerge for the next five years. "I have here in my hand,..." was a phrase that"became more popular than a famous toothpaste slogan,"(Belfrage, 1973, p.117)which he utilise on an infinite number of occasions to refer to documents he would get o ff from his briefcase to support wild accusations. The legitimacy of thedocuments much like that of the accusations seemed never to have been verifiedby the reporters on sight. The Byrness letter that McCarthy pulled out onFebruary 9, 1950 was one of these unchecked documents. The content of theletter gives us insight into McCarthys ability to circumvent the facts, andcover his tracks just enough so that an unambitious, negligent reporter would service of process him spread his word.     The letter from which the number 205 is extracted is dated 26 July 1946,from Secretary of State James F.

Vietnam :: essays research papers

North Vietnam was battling for ownership of southmost Vietnam, so they could be a unified nation. To prevent the half mask execution and further blossom of communism, the USA troops in 1965 went into action against the Viet Cong until 1975. non only did the superlative superpower in the world get bested by a threesome world nation, but also lost some of its young manpower to a meaningless war that they could have neer won.To prevent the domino effect and, from Americas point of view, stop the further mete out of communism, the U.S. held on to the Truman school of thought and stood behind the South Vietnamese attracter, Diem. The United States supplied Diem and has ships company with economical and host assistance to fight the forces of Ho Chi Minh, who was flake for a coupled Vietnam and at the same opposed American and cut intervention. What the United States did not realize was that Ho Chi Minh had the backing of the state of Vietnam, " By financial backing Her (France) attempt to establish a Vietnamese governing which lacked nationalist support, we helped keep in line that Vietnamese patriots would have no real substitute but to central to the banner of Ho Chi Minh". Deim himself acknowledged that he was not excepted by the race of Vietnam nor did he have their support " Gained popularity as a leader of the resistance, not as a communist", and that the large majority of his chase were nationalist and in no way master communist. America failed to readable Its eyes and realize that a man such(prenominal) as Ho Chi Minh, who was the established leader of the nationalist movement, could neer be replaced by a man, Deim, who was supported by foreign forces and was lesser known hence Ho Chi Minh. Deim was a leader of a government that was profoundly corrupted and inefficient, resulting in it being unpopular with its people in Saigon and villagers in the interior, who were neglected by the government.Vietnam essays research papers North Vietnam was battling for ownership of South Vietnam, so they could be a unified nation. To prevent the domino effect and further spread of communism, the USA troops in 1965 went into action against the Viet Cong until 1975. Not only did the Greatest superpower in the world get bested by a third world nation, but also lost many of its young men to a meaningless war that they could have never won.To prevent the domino effect and, from Americas point of view, stop the further spread of communism, the U.S. held on to the Truman Doctrine and stood behind the South Vietnamese leader, Diem. The United States supplied Diem and has party with economical and military assistance to fight the forces of Ho Chi Minh, who was fighting for a united Vietnam and at the same opposed American and French intervention. What the United States did not realize was that Ho Chi Minh had the backing of the people of Vietnam, " By Supporting Her (France) attempt to establish a Vietname se regime which lacked nationalist support, we helped insure that Vietnamese patriots would have no real alternative but to rally to the banner of Ho Chi Minh". Deim himself acknowledged that he was not excepted by the people of Vietnam nor did he have their support " Gained popularity as a leader of the resistance, not as a communist", and that the vast majority of his followers were nationalist and in no way pro communist. America failed to open Its eyes and realize that a man such as Ho Chi Minh, who was the established leader of the nationalist movement, could never be replaced by a man, Deim, who was supported by foreign forces and was lesser known then Ho Chi Minh. Deim was a leader of a government that was deeply corrupted and inefficient, resulting in it being unpopular with its people in Saigon and villagers in the interior, who were neglected by the government.

A Look Into Kingston :: essays papers

A Look Into KingstonKingston has been the home to many storied reggae artists. Why do so many artists come from Kingston? Does it hypothecate something about the message of the music and or the conditions in Kingston that similarly encompasses trench town? Background of KingstonKingston is located on the southern side of the island of Jamaica and is protected from the strong northeast trade winds by the vast Blue Mountain ranges. The city of Kingston stretches for more than 50 mi including 10-mi long harbor. This makes for a diverse community of fisherman as well as street vendors and many unemployed people. Kingston is the largest and wiz of the most diverse cities in the English-speaking Caribbean. More than half a million people populate Kingston of different decent ranging from African, Asian, European, and fondness Eastern roots. The citys tremendous growth during the 20th century has produced severe overcrowding, mulish unemployment, and violent crime. Poverty has d evastated Jamaicas baleful majority and nowhere is this more obvious than in the ghettos of Kingston. European colonialism set up a society of racial stratification and current residents of Kingston have to deal with historic tensions mingled with the citys black and brown residents. Kingston of today is a direct issuing of the organise racial and cultural segregation that began more than 300 geezerhood ago, when Jamaica was a British colony. Many of the social and political changes that have sweep Jamaica since 1692 have occurred first in Kingston, often in reaction to organized political protests. The history of Kingston itself represents the legacy of slavery and the efforts by black and brown Jamaicans to find freedom and equality in a tribe haunted by whats left of colonialism.Kingston was founded in the summer of 1692, subsequently a large earthquake destroyed the coastal city of larboard Royal. From the beginning Kingston was run by Jamaicas white elite, mostl y net profit planters from England. The city was created to serve the social and economic interests of white planters. Residential segregation in the form of a color-class system, beginning in 1692, served to reinforce cultural separation. (Henriques, 32) During the first half of the 18th century Kingston saw an influx of Jewish merchants, white sugar planters, African slaves, and a small come in of free blacks in the colored community. Kingston served as a calling post for the Transatlantic Slave Trade and this was one of their main trades.

Bad Women in Hawthornes Young Goodman Brown Essay -- Young Goodman Br

Few, if any, women in Hawthornes Young Goodman Brown are authentically good. Even the seemingly best ones are involved in demonolatry at least, and maybe much more. This essay intends to explore this subject of spoiled women in the tale. Randall Stewart in Hawthornes Female Characters states that there are iii types of female characters in Hawthornes writings (1) the wholesome New England girl, bright, apprised and self-reliant (2) the frail, sylph-like creature, easily swayed by a stronger personality and (3) the woman with an strange richness in her nature (98), and that Young Goodman Brown has in trust cheerfulness, prettiness, and a simple-minded domesticity (99). So this categorizes her under type (1). Goody Cloyse may be a type (2). In Young Goodman Brown the references to stillbirth and euthanasia refer to types (1) and (2) in my judgment. In Salem village that inglorious night when the young Puritan husband was departing home for the night, he exchange a partin g kiss with his young wife. From this we can conclude that he had a basic respect for her feelings(?) The wind was playing with the pink ribbons of her cap. literary critic Wagenknecht surveys some of the critical interpretation relative to these ribbons Mathews finds the pastel of infancy in pink, but since pink is a color intermediate amid red and white, William V. Davis prefers to take it as suggesting neither total depravity nor innocence but the tainted innocence, the spiritual imperfection of mankind, a view shared, up to a point, by Robinson. . . . (62). So the critics would have us believe that the fountain is making a statement here that seemingly good faith is not all that good, based on... ... BIBLIOGRAPHY Hawthorne, Nathaniel. The Complete Short Stories of Nathaniel Hawthorne. New York Doubleday and Co., Inc.,1959. 247-56. Lang, H.J.. How indeterminate is Hawthorne? In Hawthorne A Collection of Critical Essays, edited by A.N. Kaul. Englewood Cliffs, NJ Prentic e-Hall, Inc., 1966. Leavis, Q.D. Hawthorne as Poet. In Hawthorne A Collection of Critical Essays, edited by A.N. Kaul. Englewood Cliffs, NJ Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1966. Martin, Terence Six Tales. In Nathaniel Hawthorne. New York Twayne Publishers Inc., 1965. Stewart, Randall. Hawthornes Female Characters. In Readings on Nathaniel Hawthorne, edited by Clarice Swisher. San Diego, CA Greenhaven Press, 1996. Wagenknecht, Edward. Nathaniel Hawthorne The Man, His Tales and Romances. New York Continuum Publishing Co., 1989.

Report on Long-term Financing Policy :: essays research papers

Work Teams Dispute ResolutionAbstractCan strife among work teams or individual employees be avoided? This and other conflict reply issues will be addressed in this paper along with a couple of hypothetical workplace disputes and the viable solutions that give the bounce be utilise to resolve the conflict(s).Work Teams and contraventionsThe use of work teams has become a familiar strategy for increasing productivity and worker flexibility in the unify States. Seventy-eight percent of U.S. organizations report that at least some of their employees be organized into work teams. In those organizations that utilize teams, an average of 61% of every last(predicate) employees is members of teams (Bishop, Scott, and Burroughs, 2000). A team is a group of people who be interdependent with respect to information, resources, and skills and who seek to combine their efforts to achieve a common intention (Thompson, Aranda, and Robbins 2000, p9). In most cultures and most globular or ganizations, individuals have been paired or grouped into teams that are required to work together towards the completion of treated goals. Todays employees come from diverse cultural backgrounds with diverse attitudes and values. This can be good in that it can provide an organization with spick-and-span and innovative ideas for positive and profitable direction in a global economy that is dominated by many of the same types of businesses. However, when employees are pose in groups or work teams, conflict can, sometimes, arise.Types of Hypothetical Workplace DisputesConflict can be good or bad for an organization. It is good or functional when it causes a team to commit effectively. However, conflict can be bad for an organization when it causes a group or team to perform inefficient and ineffective work that keeps the team from achieving its desired goals and objectives in the undertake timeframe. Some conflicts support the goals of the group and improve its performance these are functional, creative forms of conflicts. There are also conflicts that hinder group performance these are dysfunctional or destructive forms (Robbins 2001, p262-263). What Causes ConflictsSeveral factors can lead or contri hardlye to the escalation of conflict among groups or teams in the workplace. Some factors include but are not limited to communication barriers, lack of good social skills, and poor ethical behavior.Desired OutcomesConflict is constructive when it improves the quality of decisions, stimulates creativity and innovation, encourages interest and curiosity among group members, provides the medium through which problems can be aired and tensions released, and fosters an environment of self-evaluation and improvement (Robbins 2001, p269).

pitch perception :: essays research papers

pageReferencesBaharloo, S., Johnston, P. A., Service, S. K., Gitshcier, J., Freimer, N. B. (1998). peremptory toss out An approach for identification of contagious and nongenetic components. American Journal of Human Genetics, 62, 224-231. Retrieved 11/16/2004.Deutsch, D. (1985). Dichotic listening to songlike patterns and its relationship to hemispheric specialization of function. harmony Perception, 3, (2), 127-154. Gregersen, P.K. (1998). Instant recognition The gentics of mariner perception. American Journal of Human Genetics, 62, 221-223. Retrieved 11/16/2004.Heaton, P., Hermelin, B., Pring, L. (1998). Autism and haggle bear upon a precursor for savant musical ability? Music Perception, 15, (3), 291-305.Lenhoff, H., M., Perales, O., Hickok, G. (2001). arbitrary pitch in Williams syndrome. Music perception, 18, (4), 491-503.Levitin, D., J., Bellugi, U. (1998). musical abilities in individuals with Williams Syndrome, Music Perception, 15, (4), 357-389.Pechstedt, P., H., Kershner, J., Kinsbourne, M. (1989). Musical Training improves processing of tonality in the left hemisphere. Music Perception, 6, (3), 275-298.Simpson, J., Huron, D. (1994). Absolute pitch as a learned phenomenon Evidence consistent with the Hick-Hyman law. Music Perception, 12, (2), 267-270.Sloboda, J. A. (1985). An exceptional music memory. Music Perception, 3, (2), 155-170.Nature or Nurture The origins of pitch PerceptionFor most of us, quick and accurate perception of the visual serviceman is essential for getting around in life we take for allow our instant recognition of color, shape, distance, and the physical relationships between objects. Many aspects of the auditory world are in any case apprehended in an effortless manner a nighttime whistle is easily identified as a unlike train, without any deliberation. However, identifying the pitch of an isolated whistle is beyond the abilities of most people. This is also the case for most musicians, despite the fact that the y spend every day working in the context of a standardized system of pitch relationships. Those rare individuals who can instantly recognize the pitch of a random piano tone or passing car horn, without the use of a reference pitch, possess a cognitive ability that is termed "absolute pitch."The flow of useful musical pitches is 20-5,000 Hz, which is, roughly the range of a piano keyboard chuck out is a one-dimensional attribute defined by the number of vibrations, per second, emanating from a sound source, such as a plucked stringThe marginal auditory organs are designed specifically for frequency analysis. The cochlear basilar membrane vibrates, at each point along its length, with an optimum resonant frequency. The fact that all humans are quick to cherish the differences in timbre between instruments illustrates the extreme sensitivity of this organ to obscure frequency spectra.

Performance Appraisal Essay -- Business, Employee Evaluation, Performa

Performance appraisals are a major serving of gentlemans gentleman resource talk termsment systems used by organisations to measure and manage what is considered to be the most valuable resource available to them human capital. This answer for aims to evaluate the effectiveness of public presentation appraisals and its application to both the employer and its employees, taking into thoughtfulness various rationales for its implementation. This will be achieved through an in depth reassessment of the concept of implementation appraisals, its evolution in corporate organisations and existing publications on the topic, and the effects (both positive and negative) to the organisation as a undivided and to its employees. It will be argued that despite being of relative importance to performance instruction systems in organisations, performance appraisals fail to achieve the lofty ideals and objectives which dispose its implementation.Performance appraisals are a key componen t of the performance management process in organisations and are used to obtain feedback on performance levels of employees for a demon period of time. Performance appraisals leave been defined as the process which allows firms to measure and consequently evaluate an employees achievements and behaviour over a certain period of time (Devries et al, 1981). It is the process of identifying, observing, measuring and developing human resources in organisations (Cardy and Dobbins, 1994). Various organisations use varying performance appraisal systems and have differing opinions on performance goals which cause some sort of confusion on the purpose of performance appraisal systems (Buckley and Wiese, 1998). Performance is thus the critical element which is being addressed in the understanding and developmen... ...ughout the organisation. This way, management is able to systematically harmonize its operational goals with employee developmental efforts and credit line expectations. P erformance appraisals also give organisations the opportunity to address performance issues without conflict by providing evidence of unquestionable on the job performance and productivity. This way, high achievers and bottom performance are easily singled out with relative recommendations effected.Despite performance appraisals satisfying many organisational objectives, the focus of its activities is in providing direction and information to employees to boost performance and job productivity (Latham et al., 1993). This should remain the primary objective performance appraisal systems should try on to address which leads to this article addressing issues which affects the effectiveness of its implementation.

Hospital Pharmacy Essay -- Medicine

The subspecialty in chemists shop I occupy is hospital pharmacy. As a current employee at the University of Utah yardbird pharmacy, I see the implementation of the concepts of pharmacy informatics discussed in class. chemists informatics enables me to practice pharmacy quickly, safely, and in the best interests of the patient. The computing deviceized physician lodge entry allows for less error and requires less interpretation by the pharmacy staff. This saves the pharmacists time which they can allocate to verifying more orders.Having a figurer system with the ability to verify a medicate ordered via the NDC procedure and implementing a final check by a pharmacist is a great contributor to patient safety. Pharmacy informatics provides us with the computer systems, databases, and ports to ensure the patient is getting the train dose in the correct strength at the correct time for the disease. The medication use cycle consists of prescribing, dispensing, administration , and monitoring.(1) As mentioned previously, the computerized physician order entry communicates the order to the pharmacy. This order perfectly cannot be dispensed until a pharmacist verifies the order, whereby it is sent to the work passage to be pulled. The interface between these two systems is crucial to the retrieval of the drug for administration. The next step is administration to the patient by the nurse. The nurse relies on the electronic medical record to indicate what drug is needed for a patient and the time of administration. This again relies on a crucial interface between the system in which the pharmacist verifies the order and its subsequent coming into court on the electronic medical record. Depending on whether the medicine cabinet has the drug or th... ...le of standards and vocabulary is crucial for clinical decision support (CDS) to prevail properly. The basis of the knowledge possessed by the CDS is the ontology programmed within it. It lacks t he ability to critically think and only possesses the knowledge programmed within it via standards. If one system is victimization one vocabulary and trying to communicate with another system which is employ a different vocabulary, the system will not understand. This can resolve in medication errors or lack of proper medication therapy and management. References1. Lombardi, P.T. (2000). close the Loop Implementing Quality Improvement Processes and Advances in Technology to Decrease medical specialty Error. MedScape Today.2. Van der Maas, A.F. et al. (2001). Requirements for Medical Modeling Languages. J Am Med Inform Assoc. 2001 Mar-Apr 8(2) 146162.

General Science Labs Should Be Optional at State University Essay

A scholars main goal is to acquire knowledge and purpose what they apprehend to make advances towards the future. Each and every disciple has his or her score way of chequering. Some disciples learn better by attending raise and taking notes, while others would learn more by reading a textbook. A reporting on research from Colorado Christian University in 2012 stated that stress in college scholars can affect the readiness to concentrate, and at that place have been studies conducted that prove that stress interferes with a schoolchilds expertness to concentrate (CCU). Students at State University are required to enroll in science labs and this results in many complications. Students at UCR should be given the filling to enroll in labs if they choose to beca apply it will result in slight stress and more flexibility when it comes to planning a schedule for the close quarter.Many undergraduate students here at State University will maneuver at least one general scie nce class. A student in the college of Natural and Agricultural Sciences or Bourns College of Engineering will be required to take general biology, chemistry, and physics class along with their individual laboratory class. Each laboratory class last around tierce hours and the amount of work for a lab is almost as such(prenominal) as taking another ternary-unit class. The requirement of laboratory classes to enroll in a general science class negatively affects a students ability to study for important classes and leads to unnecessary stress. A students schedule can quickly fill up when he or she enroll in two science classes, he or she will spend at least six hours a calendar workhebdomad in a lab and at four hours a week completing the pre-lab and post-lab assignment outside of the laboratory. The student may feel that he or she d... ...ass grade because it will usually negatively affect a students grade. Not every student learns the same way, slightly will learn better in the classroom setting, lab setting, or in the comfort of his or her home. The school should not force a student to enroll in a class that he or she does not need. Students have a limited time to complete their degrees and to learn as oftentimes as they can in their field of durability but required labs may stall this goal.Works CitedHow Stress Affects prominent Students Concentration. CAGS Blog. (January 12, 2012) n. page. Print. .Hang, Jeffrey. Personal interview. 2 February 2014Pre-Medical Student. Sample Course Schedule. University of California San Diego. Web. 11 Feb 2014. . ecumenical Science Labs Should Be Optional at State University EssayA students main goal is to acquire knowledge and use what they learn to make advances towards the future. Each and every student has his or her knowledge way of learning. Some students learn better by attending chew the fat and taking notes, while others would learn more by reading a textbook. A reporting on research fr om Colorado Christian University in 2012 stated that stress in college students can affect the ability to concentrate, and thither have been studies conducted that prove that stress interferes with a students ability to concentrate (CCU). Students at State University are required to enroll in science labs and this results in many complications. Students at UCR should be given the woof to enroll in labs if they choose to because it will result in slight stress and more flexibility when it comes to planning a schedule for the following quarter.Many undergraduate students here at State University will take at least one general science class. A student in the college of Natural and Agricultural Sciences or Bourns College of Engineering will be required to take general biology, chemistry, and physics class along with their single laboratory class. Each laboratory class last around three hours and the amount of work for a lab is almost as much as taking another three-unit class. The r equirement of laboratory classes to enroll in a general science class negatively affects a students ability to study for important classes and leads to unnecessary stress. A students schedule can quickly fill up when he or she enroll in two science classes, he or she will spend at least six hours a week in a lab and at four hours a week completing the pre-lab and post-lab assignment outside of the laboratory. The student may feel that he or she d... ...ass grade because it will usually negatively affect a students grade. Not every student learns the same way, almost will learn better in the classroom setting, lab setting, or in the comfort of his or her home. The school should not force a student to enroll in a class that he or she does not need. Students have a limited time to complete their degrees and to learn as much as they can in their field of curiosity but required labs may stall this goal.Works CitedHow Stress Affects cock-a-hoop Students Concentration. CAGS Blog. (Janu ary 12, 2012) n. page. Print. .Hang, Jeffrey. Personal interview. 2 February 2014Pre-Medical Student. Sample Course Schedule. University of California San Diego. Web. 11 Feb 2014. .

Dubliners :: Essays Papers

Dubliners Imagine yourself in Dublin in the early 1900s. Marriage was a very big thing in those days. For some people it was a means of acquire a better life and for others it just meant getting out of the house and living on their own. Author James Joyce gave his mountain of marriage in the stories The Boarding House, A Little Cloud, and Counterparts. It seems at first that marriage is a necessity. If you werent married by a certain age and so you werent getting married. After the stopping point of her butcher husband, Mrs. Mooney opened a boarding house, where she now lives with her son and her nineteen-year-old miss Polly. Mrs. Mooney runs a tight ship and keeps a close eye on the young men interacting with Polly. She hopes to marry her daughter to one of them one day. At last Mrs. Mooney notices that Polly seems to be having an affair with a young man named Mr. Doran, who whole shebang in a wine-merchants office. Mrs. Mooney decides to try to force Mr. Doran t o marry Polly. She sends a maid to summon him to speak with her. For his part, Mr. Doran is nervous and uncertain. He is terrified of the publicity that would line of descent upon him if the affair were made public--he would face disgrace and the loss of his job. And he is well-disposed of Polly, even if she some metres embarrasses him with her poor speech. He is mortified by the archetype of speaking to Mrs. Mooney, so when Polly comes sobbing to his room for comfort, he is hardly able to concentrate on her. He remembers the beginning of their affair, and at last goes trim to see Mrs. Mooney. Polly waits in Mr. Dorans room, thinking about the future. A short time later, Mrs. Mooney calls for Polly, saying, Mr. Doran wants to speak to you. Marriage was being forced onto this man. Mr. Doran considered marriage a narrow down and wanted no part of it but he was very raw of Polly. Mrs. Mooney pulls all the strings she wants to marry her daughter to a well-off boarder, and is ascertain to capitalize on Pollys affair with Mr. Doran to see that plan through. Mr. Doran has no superior but to marry Polly because he knows if anyone finds out of his premarital affair with her then hed be in a lot of trouble.

Survivor :: Personal Narrative Judaism Papers

Survivor I walk. I wake. I work, when I want to. I create rasping labyrinths of letters, I word. He worded and He created what He called earth, water, and swamp. I sink as I drown in that swamp, the same s influence color as my patent green boots. I stomp on my existence. My father called them Nazi boots. He wasnt trying to be provocative thats how boots side to him. Thats how I impression at a pile of shoes, a serial number, even a bar of soap. Thats how I look at an Aleph, the first of Hebrew letters, the sound that precedes speech its arms produce rigid revealing the swastika tattooed upon my memory. When they teach us what it means to be a Jew, they coat the letters in honey, and coax us to lick it off. A sirey, suffocating sweetness clings to us as we learn to claim and later still as we try to escape who we are, but lavatoryt. My education is not tied to those books, but to my self, myself as I frame up narrow staircases of apartments atop stores atop Brooklyn cellars, numbers on my grannys arm as she washes the dishes and uses her own thumb as a pincushion. She cant distinguish pain from life. She used to urge my aunts to clasp on sewing. Arbeit Macht Frei, she said. Work frees. Iron gates and barbed wire. I stick myself with a safety pin and I bleed. My grandmother chuckles generously at my soft, suburban, spoiled hands. She would get me a Band-Aid but doesnt know where she keeps them. The closet stops the bleeding, and I get into my fathers car. Go home. sometimes I cant tell whether persecution is an interruption of granting immunity, or if freedom is just how oppression looks from the perspective of the oppressor. The massah experiences subjugation as luxury. I excise my own arms, trying to wash off the stain of white privilege, to go back the Negro slave underneath. I breathe. I bathe. I believe.Sometimes I wonder what I believe. I wonder if Im that homeless guy that I saw clutching his Bible. Inheriting the earth. Do I real believe that God rewards the faithful and punishes the blind? Does this anonymous man deserve only 17 cents in a cup, while I control merited my $38,564 a year?

explanation paper benchmark :: essays research papers

Explanation Paper(European Foods Impact of Exploration)For my benchmark, I chose to research and learn closely the equal that exploration had on European foods. In my oral presentation, which I exit give on March 21, 2002, I will condone certain characteristics before and after European exploration. I will discourse about how the only spices that were ordinarily use in Europe in the beginning of the Renaissance were pepper and salt, while after Christopher Columbus explored the crude world common spices also included spice and cinnamon. In addition, I will refer to other ways that foods were flavored, for example by sweeten which was extracted from sugar cane, and I will talk about how poultry and nub were common meals in Europe during the Renaissance, although for most people it was served in an old, crappy manner, as only privileged folk could afford fresh meat. In addition, I will talk about how only few, orchard bountiful fruits were known to Europeans before explorati on, while afterwards, they had knowledge of pineapples, kiwi, blueberries, etc. During my presentation, I will also refer to my museum exhibit, which will include a timeline of definitive dates, quotes, facts, and a world map, and I will refer to a poster that I create, which will also include many interesting facts about the impact of exploration on European foods.The topic that I researched is an extremely important piece of history. Because of exploration, many common foods were notice, such as coffee, peanuts, chocolate, red and greenish peppers, tomatoes, potatoes, and kiwi (Tannahill 241). Pineapple, which is another example of a common food now that was discovered during medieval times, was introduced to Christopher Columbus by the Carib Indians on his second ocean trip to the Caribbean region in November of 1493 (Levins 4). In addition, spices and sweeteners that were discovered during this time period start out all helped widen the horizons of present day cuisine. For example, Christopher Columbus was introduced to cinnamon and ginger on one of his voyages to the New World. Both of these spices are commonly used today to greatly improve the taste of many foods. Also, vanilla was introduced to Europeans in 1529, syrup began being extracted from Maple trees, and sugar was put in gravy for an meliorate taste after people explored the world (Usherwood 26). Most of the spices, sweeteners, vegetables, fruits, and meat that were discovered during medieval times are all common foods today, in the twenty-first century.

Statue of Liberty: A Lie? Essay -- Argumentative Persuasive Essays

Statue of closeness A Lie?As I sit down on a park bench in the middle of Manhattan, ingest a pack of stale peanut butter crackers, I couldnt delay myself from thinking near the woman I had met the day before. The lady I met seemed to be a strong woman of high morale, but by and by our interaction I came to the conclusion that she was living a lie. Well-known and perceptibly the tallest female in the community, many an(prenominal) people looked up to her as somewhat of a motherly figure. Ill never forget the tattoo on her ankles that partially read . cries she with silent lips. Give me your tired, your poor, Your huddled masses yearning to take a breath free, The wretched refuse of your teeming shore. Send these, homeless, tempest-tost to me, I ascending my lamp beside the golden door She was a very old woman who very didnt look as old as she was. As we stood side by side, we had a long interesting debate about violence, values and where we apprehension the United States was headed as a nation. She kept saying how she had been around a long time and how she has personally witnessed the downfall of America however, she seemed unemotional. Suddenly, tears began to return down her solid face or maybe it was rain? What fazed me the most was her body language, which spoke to me like a smart remark. At first, I couldnt quite put my finger on it, but something about her struck me as being hypocritical. She told me her name was Liberty. The Statue of Liberty is a theme symbol of freedom for the people in America. Many Americans interpret gentlewoman Liberty in different ways depending on their gender, ethnic, racial backdrop and other social factors that influence our personal opinions of the United States. After personally evaluating how Lady... ...ican values, when at the time females werent even allowed to vote. There it is Evidence shows that Lady Liberty is a contradiction because her message hasnt been consistent with societys beliefs. Most Ameri cans firmly report the Statue of Liberty, but never stop to question its validity as a representation of America. Lady Liberty is portrayed as being an figure of America but I smelling she is one of the largest unchallenged contradictions in our present society. The statue of libertys main objective depicts America as something it is not. At multiplication I feel angry when looking at the statue because I feel as though we are lying to ourselves by accepting a false reality. Its very unfortunate that Americas ego is the cause of so many deaths. Personally, I feel that until we honestly accept the truth about ourselves, we testament forever be a misrepresented nation.